Central Committee 188bet Live Casino Communist Party of China on September 25, 2017、The State Council issued "Opinions on creating a healthy growth environment for 188bet Live Casino and promoting excellent entrepreneurial spirit to better play the role of 188bet Live Casino》. The author thinks,In the long history of Chinese civilization for more than two thousand years，188bet Live Casino document represents a conceptual breakthrough。
Chinese civilization was once at the top 188bet Live Casino world，has four major inventions。Why are we lagging behind and being beaten in modern times？This has become a tireless research topic in the economics and history circles。
The British scholar Joseph Needham proposed in his 15-volume "History of Chinese Science and Technology" that 188bet Live Casino is called "The Mystery of Joseph Needham" question: "Although ancient China made many important contributions to the development of human science and technology，But why did the scientific and industrial revolutions not happen in modern China？”
Actually,The first industrial revolution appeared in Britain，It’s not because of how strong Britain’s technological accumulation is，It lies in the protection of property rights after the Glorious Revolution, especially the patent system，188bet Live Casino greatly stimulates the "entrepreneurial spirit"。U.S. President Lincoln’s famous saying reveals the secret of technological progress，“The patent system adds the oil of profit to the fire of genius”。This sentence is still engraved on the door 188bet Live Casino U.S. Department of Commerce。
Does China lack entrepreneurial capabilities? Huang Renyu pointed out:
In the late Middle Ages and modern times，China lacks capitalist 188bet Live Casino，Perhaps because of the belief that political stability has greater benefits than economic gain。Chinese businessmen are not lacking in initiative、Honesty、Frugal、Penny wisely、Alert and flexible character。188bet Live Casino has been fully reflected in their success as merchants - in all overseas countries where Chinese expatriates lived in the 19th century，Chinese businessmen are far more successful than locals。
Why there are no real 188bet Live Casino in modern China？In Huang Renyu’s words:
Because China has no ambition here。Not only can she not produce，And has never intended to produce。
In modern times，The buds of a market economy are gradually emerging in China，Businessmen entered the stage of history as an independent class。However, the " of Chinese 188bet Live CasinoNormalization”The road is long and tortuous，188bet Live Casino process continues until today in the 21st century。
In 188bet Live Casino historical process,“Red Top Businessman” Hu Xueyan is an iconic existence。Hu Xueyan has a keen business acumen、Adventurous spirit，What’s more important is his long-sleeved ability to “manage relationships”。But 188bet Live Casino ability to “make relationships”，Cheng Ye Xiao He、Defeat is also Xiao He。No protection from officials，Hu Xueyan’s business is not big，But officials all have terms of office，Once the "protective umbrella" resigns or loses power，Hu Xueyan’s business empire has come to an end。
Harvard China expertFairbank(John King Fairbank) has an interesting metaphor for this: "Business is like a mousetrap。Western 188bet Live Casino，Dedicate a lifetime to making the best mousetrap in the world，Catch the most mice；And Chinese 188bet Live Casino are committed to getting the privilege of getting mousetraps，I hope I am the only one in the room who can catch mice。Western 188bet Live Casino need to keep inventing、Update，In order to maintain the best performance of the mousetrap，And Chinese 188bet Live Casino such as Hu Xueyan，Once he gets the privilege of getting a mousetrap，You don’t have to worry about other people catching mice posing a threat to you，There is no need to put in effort to change the performance of the mousetrap。”
188bet Live Casino insight raises two interesting questions:
Are these people who have lost interest in innovation (improving the performance of the mousetrap) 188bet Live Casino?？
The appearance of the red-top businessman，Is it the officials’ fault or the 188bet Live Casino’ fault？
The answer to the first question is simple:These people are not 188bet Live Casino，188bet Live Casino gain wealth by creating value，And these people are just distributing wealth。
The answer to the second question is more complicated: although it is difficult to distinguish who is the active party between officials and 188bet Live Casino，But after all, enterprises are economic animals pursuing profits，As long as rent-seeking can obtain excess profits，Rent-seeking is an instinctive choice for 188bet Live Casino。Therefore，Can the government reduce the "temptation" for enterprises to seek rent，Is the soil that cultivates entrepreneurial spirit。
After the founding 188bet Live Casino People’s Republic of China,Not only the entrepreneurial spirit has suffered a devastating blow，188bet Live Casino as a class have been virtually eliminated。
The "Interim Regulations on Public-Private Partnership Industrial Enterprises" were passed in 1954。Regulations: Public-private partnership for capitalist enterprises，Should be based on the needs 188bet Live Casino country、The possibility of enterprise transformation and the willingness of capitalists。In the vigorous social transformation movement，Voluntariness becomes the “only choice”。Private enterprises represented by "Wong Lo Kat" were completely publicized，De facto elimination 188bet Live Casino entrepreneurial class。
Cut off the tail of capitalism:With the outbreak 188bet Live Casino Cultural Revolution and the establishment of class struggle as the key link，Proposing to eliminate the private economy，Cancel product production，Cut off the tail of capitalism，Not to mention "entrepreneurship", even "raising chickens and ducks" has become a poisonous weed of capitalism。Economists draw the conclusion from Marx's "Das Kapital": There should be less than 7 employees，Earn money and use it for your own consumption，Counted as self-employed；More than 8 employees，The remaining value is generated，Even if it is exploited，That’s the capitalist。It can be said，The entrepreneurial spirit has encountered unprecedented “mental destruction”。
After reform and opening up，Under the impact 188bet Live Casino ideological liberation of "Practice is the only criterion for testing truth"，China begins its difficult return to market economy。
Less than a month after the Third Plenary Session 188bet Live Casino Eleventh Central Committee 188bet Live Casino Communist Party of China ended in 1979，Deng Xiaoping makes an appointment with Hu Juewen、beard ang、Rong Yiren、Ancient Gengyu、Uncle Zhou’s five old businessmen。was later called "Wulao Hot Pot Banquet"In an important conversation，Deng Xiaoping proposed，“We must implement policies for former industrial and commercial persons。Anyway，Money needs to be used，People need to use it”。Subsequently，Rong Yiren took the lead in founding CITIC Corporation。Some old industrialists and businessmen in Shanghai founded China's first 188bet Live Casino enterprise "Patriotic Construction Company" by raising 188bet Live Casino funds，The predecessor of today's "Aijian Shares"。
188bet Live Casino 1980s, Anhui farmer Nian Guangjiu tried selling fool melon seeds,188bet Live Casino is so common and shameful behavior today，At that time, it was a minefield of history，If Deng Xiaoping had not expressed support for Nian Guangjiu several times，He doesn’t know how many times he has to go to jail。By 188bet Live Casino，The private economy returns to the stage of history。
The first collective bloom of Chinese entrepreneurship was the township and village 188bet Live Casino in the 1980s。From today’s perspective，TVEs are a gray area between state-owned 188bet Live Casino and private 188bet Live Casino，But at that time, this "gray area" gave township 188bet Live Casino unique institutional flexibility，Once the entrepreneurial spirit is inspired，The energy is earth-shattering。 To 1987，The output value of township 188bet Live Casino exceeded the total agricultural output value for the first time。188bet Live Casino is definitely an "unplanned" surprise.Today’s famous entrepreneur Lu Guanqiu of Wanxiang Group is a model figure of township 188bet Live Casino。 Sociologist Professor Fei Xiaotong，In "Small Towns·Rediscovered" written in 1983，The first to propose the concept of "Southern Jiangsu Model"，It’s about the legend of township enterprises。
Similar to township 188bet Live Casino,Urban collectively owned 188bet Live Casino have also become the earliest hotbeds of entrepreneurship。Representatives include Liu Chuanzhi、Zhang Ruimin、Li Dongsheng...the establishment of these enterprises indeed relied on funds borrowed from the state or collective enterprises，It is even rebuilt on the basis 188bet Live Casino original state-owned enterprise that was on the verge of bankruptcy，But their growth is undoubtedly inspired by the entrepreneurial spirit。On the one hand, "red hat" enhances the political sense of security of these enterprises，ButThis unclear property rights has become a hidden danger for the future development of many 188bet Live Casino。
Late 1980s，Although market economy is still a "sensitive word"，But a group of prophets with "entrepreneurial spirit" began their entrepreneurial journey，Especially in the window of reform and opening up, Shenzhen has become the "cradle of 188bet Live Casino"，The most typical character isRen Zhengfei。
Deng Xiaoping’s Southern Tour in 1992，“Planned economy does not equal socialism，Capitalism also has a plan；Market economy is not equal to capitalism，Socialism also has a market”、"Three benefits"，Like spring thunder resounding across the land of China，A large number in government agencies、Intellectuals from scientific research institutes have taken the initiative to start businesses overseas，formed by Chen Dongsheng、Tian Yuan、Guo Fansheng、Feng Lun、Wang Gongquan、Pan Shiyi、Represented by Yi Xiaodi and others “92 faction”。From now on，Private enterprises and entrepreneurship，It will irreversibly become the torrent 188bet Live Casino times。
By 2011，There are currently more than 8.4 million private enterprises in China，87 188bet Live Casino total number of enterprises.4%，The contribution rate to GDP has also grown from the initial 1% to more than 60%。Entrepreneurship is truly a magical force.
188bet Live Casino means private enterpriseAs a whole, 188bet Live Casino’s too big to deny.But 188bet Live Casino does not mean that every individual private entrepreneur is safe。
After the "criminal law" abolished the "crime of speculation" in 1997，The speculative regulation survived until January 2008 amid increasing calls for its withdrawal.。
The 15th National Congress 188bet Live Casino Communist Party of China in 1997 recognized the individual and private sector and other non-public sectors 188bet Live Casino economy as an important part 188bet Live Casino socialist market economy。
The National People’s Congress passed the Constitutional Amendment in 2004，Protect legal 188bet Live Casino property。Changing ideas is already difficult，The unity of knowledge and action is a long process。
Tieben incident:The economy overheated in 2004，Jiangsu 188bet Live Casino enterprise “Tieben Steel” has become a typical example of violations，Dai Guofang became a victim of macro-control，The sad thing is，Dai Guofang was “suspected of tax evasion，And the number may be huge” was taken away by the police，After more than 4 years in custody，Suddenly allowed to be released on bail pending trial。November 28, 2008，Dai Guofang returned to his home in Changzhou。
The dispute between Lang and Gu:Early this century，China has initiated the restructuring of state-owned enterprises、The wave of MBO (management buyout)，Unexpectedly, this round of reform was attacked by Lang Xianping，The famous dispute between Lang and Gu broke out，It ended with Gu Chujun being imprisoned。The essence 188bet Live Casino debate is that Lang Xianping believes that many private enterprises acquire state-owned enterprises，Resulting in "loss of state-owned assets"。The sad thing is，Gu Chujun was sentenced to ten years for "Crime of false registration and misappropriation of funds". Now after being released from prison, Gu Chujun is still running around complaining.
Chongqing sings red and beats gangsters:When Bo Xilai was in power in Chongqing，launched a vigorous campaign to sing red and beat down evil，This is a cold wave that private 188bet Live Casino have encountered.During the crackdown on organized crime in Chongqing，Many private 188bet Live Casino have had their property plundered。For example, the so-called "black boss" Chen Mingliang，is a well-known bronze appreciation expert，Also the largest antique dealer in Chongqing，President of Chongqing Antiques Chamber of Commerce，Executed in September 2010。His indictment did not mention any collection of antiques。Chongqing Hilton Hotel investigated for gang involvement，Shareholder Peng Zhimin is suspected of organizing and leading a gangland organization、Crime of organizing prostitution、The crime of picking quarrels and provoking trouble、Intentional injury、The crime of intentional damage to property、The crime of refinancing at high interest rates、Crime of Indiscriminate Deforestation、Crime of illegal occupation of agricultural land、Bribery and other crimes， Sentenced to life imprisonment。Peng Zhimin’s frozen and confiscated property is valued at approximately 8 billion yuan。The panic of private 188bet Live Casino，Directly led to a wave of overseas immigration。
Meanwhile，Private 188bet Live Casino still find it difficult to get rid of the “original sin”。From Xu Ming，To Liu Han、Zhang Rongkun、Ding Shumiao、Jia Yueting... A red-top businessman is still the dream of many people。
Private 188bet Live Casino have more than just worries，They still long for a fair competitive market environment:
2005、In 2010, the state issued policies to promote the development 188bet Live Casino non-public economy36 items, 36 new items, However, glass doors and spring doors in many fields are still the same.
As early as the early 1990s, scholars called for openness188bet Live Casino bank，It was not until 2014 that the country began to approve the first five 188bet Live Casino banks。
State-owned 188bet Live Casino create 25% of GDP but occupy 55% of credit resources，This means that "financing is difficult and expensive" has always been a nightmare that plagues private 188bet Live Casino。Such implicit ownership discrimination exists objectively in many fields。
Liu Shijin, former deputy director 188bet Live Casino Development Research Center 188bet Live Casino State Council, recently called: An important reason for higher domestic costs is the administrative monopoly in related fields。Telecom field，What’s more important is “industry mixed reform”，One or two basic telecommunications operators with 188bet Live Casino capital as the mainstay can be established，Promote competition，Change the telecom tariff from "I want it to be reduced" to "I want it to be reduced", comprehensively reduce the cost 188bet Live Casino information industry.
The Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee in 2013 proposed “let the market play a decisive role in resource allocation”，China ushered in a new round of reform and opening up。Private 188bet Live Casino are all delighted。
There is always a distance between blueprint and reality。In 2016, a surprising economic picture emerged: investment by state-owned 188bet Live Casino soared，Private investment frozen。
In this context，November 2016 Central Committee 188bet Live Casino Communist Party of China、The State Council issued "Opinions on improving the property rights protection system to protect property rights according to law》Proposed:
Accelerate the compilation 188bet Live Casino Civil Code.
Insist on correcting mistakes，Speedly identify and correct a number of property rights dispute appeal cases that have received strong public response，Analysis of a batch of cases of property rights infringement。Wrongful and unjust case, 188bet Live Casino must be corrected in accordance with the law and the parties concerned shall be compensated for their losses.
Strictly followThe law is not retroactive、Legal punishment、The principle of adopting the old and taking the lighter approach between the old and new laws，View objectively from a development perspective and properly handle the irregularities that have existed in the operations of various 188bet Live Casino, especially private 188bet Live Casino, since the reform and opening up。
Further refine the rules for the property disposal of enterprises and personnel suspected of violating the law，Prudently decide whether to take relevant compulsory measures in accordance with the law。Seizure is really necessary、Seizure、Freezing and other measures，Must strictly follow legal procedures，Except when the company is ordered to close according to law，Necessary working capital and current accounts can be reserved for the enterprise if conditions permit，Minimize the adverse impact on the normal production and operation activities 188bet Live Casino enterprise。
Take seizure、Seizure、When freezing measures and disposing of property involved，188bet Live Casino is necessary to strictly distinguish personal property and corporate property in accordance with the law。
Improving the safekeeping 188bet Live Casino property involved、Identification、Valuation、Auction、Sales system，Be open, fair, standardized and efficient。
Fully consider the characteristics 188bet Live Casino non-public economy，Strictly distinguish between economic disputes and economic crimes、The boundary between legitimate corporate financing and illegal fund-raising、The boundary between economic disputes involved in the merger and reorganization of state-owned enterprises by private enterprises and malicious misappropriation of state-owned assets，Prevent criminal law enforcement from intervening in economic disputes，Preventing Selective Justice。Unclear legal boundaries、Unclear guilt and innocence，Judiciary agencies should strictly abide by statutory laws and punishments、No suspicion of guilt, no guiltThe principle of presumption prevents economic disputes from being treated as crimes.
Party and government officials are strictly prohibited from intervening in judicial activities、Involvement in judicial disputes、Involved in handling specific cases。For investors in private 188bet Live Casino involved in crimes，Protect the parties to exercise their property rights and other civil rights in accordance with the law while serving their sentences。
This decision directly hits the pain points in the hearts of 188bet Live Casino。While applauding the central government’s decision，We can also get a glimpse 188bet Live Casino living environment of private enterprises，The chaos is still shocking，How can an entrepreneur not be trembling、Walking on thin ice？
Eve 188bet Live Casino 19th National Congress，Central Committee 188bet Live Casino Communist Party of China on September 25, 2017、The State Council issued another "Opinions on creating a healthy growth environment for 188bet Live Casino and promoting excellent entrepreneurial spirit to better play the role of 188bet Live Casino》：
In legislation、Law Enforcement、Justice、Law-abiding and other aspects and aspects，Accelerate the establishment of a system that equally protects the economic property rights of all forms of ownership in accordance with the lawLong-term mechanism。
Research and establishment due to government planning adjustments、Comply with laws and regulations when policy changes cause damage to the legitimate rights and interests of 188bet Live CasinoCompensation and relief mechanism。
188bet Live Casino conduct independent business activities in accordance with the law，Governments at all levels、The department and its staff are not allowed to interfere。Establish and improve enterprise-related charges、Supervision and inspection checklist system，Cleaning up enterprise-related charges、Apportionment matters and various standard evaluation activities，Refining、Standardize administrative law enforcement conditions，Minimize the burden on 188bet Live Casino and reduce discretion.
Implement the fair competition review system，Establishing the fundamental status of competition policy。Comprehensive implementation 188bet Live Casino negative list system for market access，Ensure that all market entities have equal access to industries outside the negative list in accordance with the law、Fields and Business。Oppose monopolyAnd unfair competition.
Comprehensive implementation of "double random, one open" supervision to effectively avoidSelective Enforcement。
In a larger area、Deepen the streamlining of administration and delegating power to a deeper level、Combining decentralization and management，Optimization service。
ClearMultiple Bull Enforcement, improve the efficiency of comprehensive law enforcement and reduce the burden on 188bet Live Casino.
Improve the mechanism for 188bet Live Casino to participate in the formulation of enterprise-related policies.Establish procedural norms for the government to proactively ask 188bet Live Casino for advice on major economic decisions，Government departments study and formulate enterprise-related policies、Planning、Regulations，Listen to 188bet Live Casino’ opinions and suggestions。Maintain the stability and continuity of enterprise-related policies。
Reviewing the history of China’s reform and opening up，Ideological liberation is always the prerequisite for the advancement of reform。The author thinks，This "Opinions on the Role of 188bet Live Casino" is a major ideological emancipation：
188bet Live Casino is the first time that the central government has clarified the status and value of entrepreneurship in a special document。
In 1988, Deng Xiaoping proposed "Science and technology are the primary productive forces” thesis。In today’s world of resource globalization，The importance of 188bet Live Casino has surpassed technology。Foxconn can produce iPhone，Because it has world-class manufacturing technology and patents，But Foxconn is just "working hard" for Apple，The reason why Apple can enjoy super profits，Not because it masters the core technology，But because of Apple’s brand、Business Model and Management，Behind all 188bet Live Casino is Steve Jobs’ entrepreneurial spirit。The rarest in the world、The most valuable thing，Not technology，But Steve Jobs、Jack Ma、Ren Zhengfei、The entrepreneurial spirit represented by Masayoshi Son。
The reason why “entrepreneurial spirit” is scarce and valuable，Because it not only requires 188bet Live Casino to have extraordinary vision、Unique abilities、Persistent pursuit，More demanding that they bear the risk of failure。After all，There are far more failed 188bet Live Casino than successful ones.
To stimulate entrepreneurial spirit, we must improve "Positive motivation”: The most important thing is to protect the property rights of 188bet Live Casino，Mencius said, "Those who have constant wealth have perseverance"；Reduce administrative approval，Untying the entrepreneurial spirit；Abolish all kinds of monopolies，Really fair competition。
To stimulate entrepreneurship, we must also reduce "Negative incentives”: Only the government’s resource control rights are reduced，In order to reduce rent-seeking and corruption。
What’s more noteworthy is，The "Opinions on the Role of 188bet Live Casino" also proposed "188bet Live Casino entrepreneur" concept:
For state-owned 188bet Live Casino, the goal is to enhance the vitality and competitiveness of the state-owned economy、Bold exploration in enterprise development、Mistakes caused by determined reform，As long as it does not belong to the order、There is no limit to prohibition、Improper profit making、Subjective intentionality、Those who are arbitrary and arbitrary，Tolerate faults，Responsible for those who take responsibility、Responsible for those responsible、Support those in charge。
This formulation has far-reaching significance for the next step of deepening the reform of state-owned 188bet Live Casino。Frankly speaking，Although there have been some entrepreneurial figures in state-owned 188bet Live Casino，For example, Hongta Group Chu Shijian、Zhenhua Port Machinery Management Tongxian、Shanghai Jahwa Ge Wenyao，But as a whole，The top leaders of state-owned enterprises cannot be called true “state-owned 188bet Live Casino”。
Maintain frequent two-way flow between 188bet Live Casino and government officials，Still retained todayExecutive level, whose behavior inevitably bears the mark of an official.
Most 188bet Live Casino are notDo not bear the risk of business failure, this is the most essential difference from private 188bet Live Casino.
Of 188bet Live CasinoSalary is far below international level，And it is extremely asymmetrical to the scale 188bet Live Casino enterprise it manages，Leading state-owned enterprise executivesLack of sufficient incentivesTo innovate.
Reform of state-owned 188bet Live Casino from the 1990s to the beginning of this century，With "modern enterprise system" as the core，Greatly stimulated the vitality of state-owned 188bet Live Casino，The face of state-owned 188bet Live Casino has undergone earth-shaking changes。Today，The new round of state-owned enterprise reform should focus on activating "state-owned 188bet Live Casino"。To achieve 188bet Live Casino, you must:
188bet Live CasinoMarketization of recruitment，Establish a professional manager system，Completely decoupled from the official administrative system。
Realizing 188bet Live CasinoMarketization of assessment and incentives，According to its ability、Market-based rewards for contributions (including equity and option incentives)。
It is not easy to achieve these two points，It is based on the true marketization of state-owned 188bet Live Casino，For this we need:
AdvanceMixed ownershipReform and establish a shareholder structure rich in competition and checks and balances.
The 188bet Live Casino Assets Supervision and Administration Commission put allReturn of power to shareholders meeting and board of directors, In addition, no micro-intervention in state-owned 188bet Live Casino is allowed.
The 188bet Live Casino Assets Supervision and Administration Commission is transformed into a "188bet Live Casino capital investment (operating) company" such as Temasek，Really do itJust focus on the capital and nothing else。
The development of entrepreneurial spirit，The essential requirement for the market to play a decisive role。But we should have a fresh understanding 188bet Live Casino institutional and conceptual barriers to stimulating entrepreneurship，Don’t expect success overnight。
Many 188bet Live Casino issues mentioned in the document are not new，It’s a chronic disease 188bet Live Casino system。Only from each case、Every policy、Start with the details of each law，This "reassurance pill" can truly exert its effect。Actions speak louder than words，Sometimes a case affects more than a dozen thick files。
Three-point system, seven-point execution.
Attachment: Business leaders lined up to like "Opinions on Creating a Healthy Growth Environment for 188bet Live Casino and Promoting Excellent Entrepreneurship Spirit to Better Play the Role of 188bet Live Casino"
Jack Ma: Promote excellent entrepreneurial spirit,188bet Live Casino is a major progress in the ideological field of China in the past two thousand years.Recognizing that 188bet Live Casino are the first element that truly believes that people are the productive force
Ning Gaoning: The document also specifically mentions “state-owned 188bet Live Casino”，This is worth mentioning。I have never heard of anyone called a state-owned entrepreneur，Because state-owned enterprises are not called 188bet Live Casino，How effective it is is also controversial。
Guo Guangchang: Entrepreneurship is the core resource 188bet Live Casino market economy，We are deeply surprised by the recognition。What is the most suitable environment for enterprise development？I think there are three most critical elements: the government is promising，Don’t act randomly；Market efficient，Adjustable；Policy stability can be expected。
Xu Jinghong (Chairman of Tsinghua Holdings Co., Ltd.): Today’s state-owned 188bet Live Casino lack passion，Private 188bet Live Casino lack confidence。What is more important is the construction of our legal environment after this document，The construction of the legal environment especially related to 188bet Live Casino and the construction of the rule of law related to market order，Need to catch up quickly，Otherwise it will be difficult to implement this document。I believe many 188bet Live Casino are still waiting for the real action。
Chen Dongsheng: The era of real 188bet Live Casino has arrived，True innovation、The efficiency-driven era has arrived。
Liu Yonghao: The document very clearly talks about three "protections according to law"，One is the property rights of 188bet Live Casino，The second one is innovation rights，The third right to operate independently。Protecting the property rights of 188bet Live Casino is the core。The other is to improve the mechanism for 188bet Live Casino to participate in enterprise-related policy formulation，Seeking 188bet Live Casino before this，There are relatively few private 188bet Live Casino in particular。
Liu Chuanzhi:I am overjoyed by this document from the central government，Probably within a short period of time，Let China’s economy take on a new look。Many 188bet Live Casino were nervous and anxious before，Because there are some voices in society that disparage 188bet Live Casino，For example, the source of polarization、The root causes of official corruption, etc.。Whether 188bet Live Casino are recognized by the people，I am still a little nervous...if I really want to implement it，It may be turned into specific policies, regulations or regulations。
*188bet Live CasinoText source: WeChat public platform "Liu Shengjun Micro Finance" (ID:caijingknowledge）, Author: Liu Shengjun, original title：《A thousand years of waiting: Hu Xueyan below, Steve Jobs above》
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