Cheers for the arrival of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the People’s Republic of China！The ongoing National People’s Congress reported that the “Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the People’s Republic of China” has become one of the 26 newly established ministries and commissions。

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1、The central government’s tourism authority has become one of the constituent departments of the State Council，Promoted the status of tourism management in national institutions，Enhance the status of tourism in national economic and social development，Improved the mission of tourism in the construction of five civilizations；

2、Culture is the root of tourism、Soul，Tourism is part of the cultural industry。The establishment of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism is more in line with the cultural attributes of tourism、Better bring into play the cultural function of tourism；

3、The cultural industry has both social welfare attributes and economic and industrial attributes，Both a career and an industry，The establishment of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism is conducive to better exerting the dual attributes and functions of tourism and industry；

4、The core attraction and competitiveness of China’s tourism in the world has lasted for five thousand years、Consistent、Uniquely charming、Chinese culture advancing with the times，The establishment of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism will help the tourism industry to better go global，Conducive to the establishment of a Chinese tourism community including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan。

5、The establishment of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism is conducive to the development of the cultural industry，“Cultural tourism” will become a truly strategic pillar business and industry for national economic and social development。Tourism development can better follow the laws of cultural development，The development of the cultural industry can also better integrate tourism development experience。

Anyway，“Culture + Tourism” is 1+1>2，It’s a win-win、Win-win。

In 2008, I submitted a research report on the tourism management systems of various countries to the National Tourism Administration，The article proposes three scenarios for the China National Tourism Administration in the reform of the large-scale system，The second idea is (original text):

Merge with the Ministry of Culture，Establish the "Ministry of Culture and Tourism"，Reserve the name of China National Tourism Administration to the outside world

Unique in Chinese cultural international tourism，Is the core competitiveness of China’s tourism，It is also the basis for the sustainable development of tourism。Integration of tourism and culture，Culture is more dynamic，Travel is more attractive。There is a natural coupling between tourism and culture。

The central government has given the cultural industry a historic positioning from the policy level，Clearly proposed to “promote the cultural industry to become a pillar industry of the national economy”，The integration of the two pillar industries of tourism and culture makes their respective industrial structures more complete、Thick。2011，The total output value of my country’s cultural 188bet app download industry exceeds 3.9 trillion yuan，Accounting for more than 3% of GDP；Total tourism revenue 2.2.5 billion yuan，The contribution of cultural industry and tourism industry to national economic growth continues to rise。The State Council proposed to increase the proportion of tourism added value in national GDP to 4% by 2015.5%，Strive for the scale of tourism industry in 2020、The quality and efficiency have basically reached the level of world tourism powers。Proposed by the Sixth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee，By 2016, the cultural industry will account for 5% of GDP；Proposed by the "18th National Congress"，Build into a cultural power by 2020。The connotation of these two powerful countries is that they complement each other、Both inside and outside。

The merger of the National Tourism Administration and the Ministry of Culture，In line with China’s national conditions，In line with foreign tourists’ demands for Chinese culture，Also in line with the cultural essence of tourism，Conducive to the mutual promotion of tourism industry and cultural industry、Shared Prosperity。

In "Classification of Culture and Related Industries" of the National Bureau of Statistics in 2004，Cultural and related industries mainly include "cultural, leisure and entertainment services":

1. Tourism and cultural services

Travel agency

Scenic Area Management

Park Management

Wildlife protection

Other tourist attraction management

2. Entertainment and cultural services

Indoor entertainment activities

Amusement Park

Leisure, fitness and entertainment activities

Other computer services

Internet cafe service

Other entertainment activities

This "Industry Classification" fully illustrates the complexity and inclusiveness of tourism and cultural industries。The cultural industry is divided into two categories: cultural industry and cultural undertakings，Merging tourism and cultural management into one ministry，Can cope with the existing economic industry side of tourism，There is another aspect related to people’s livelihood。A “Ministry of Culture and Tourism” can be set up nationwide，Under the National Tourism Administration，Interactions with foreign countries can still be made in the name of the National Tourism Administration。

The report surveyed a total of 44 countries where the Ministry of Tourism is combined with the Ministry of Culture/Sports，About 23% of the total，Mostly Asian、African and European Countries。Although these countries have different levels of economic development，But they all have rich cultural heritage，Cultural tourism is the country’s characteristic or main tourism product。Tourism in the national economy，Especially plays an important role in the country’s foreign exchange generation and employment，The government combines the management and development of tourism and cultural industries，Reflects the advantages and characteristics of tourism development in these countries。The economic systems and development levels of these countries are quite different。Out of 11 countries in Europe，UK、Belgium and other developed countries，Albania、Poland、Ukraine and Slovakia are countries that are transitioning from planned economies to market economies。Asia、Most of Africa is developing country。

The following information is from 2008.

1. Countries in Asia where the Ministry of Tourism and the Ministry of Culture are combined

(1) The Republic of Korea established the Tourism Division within the Land Transportation Bureau of the Ministry of Transportation in 1954。In 1963, the Tourism Division was upgraded to the Tourism Bureau。Before 1997，South 188bet app download Korea’s Tourism Bureau is under the Ministry of Transport。In 1998, the Ministry of Culture and Sports was renamed the Ministry of Culture and Tourism，Subsidiary Korea Tourism Development Bureau，And also has the Korea Culture and Tourism Policy Research Institute。In 2008, the functions of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism and the National Publicity Department were integrated，Become the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism。The Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism on the basis of inheriting and carrying forward the inherent Korean cultural traditions，Mainly promotes the concepts of "building creative Korea" and "revitalizing spiritual culture" to the outside world，Responsible for coordinating the development direction of the tourism industry、Formulate tourism industry development policies and tourism development policies、Expanding the scale of the tourism market and other related tasks。The Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism is also responsible for the cultural industry、Art、Sports、Religion、Media、Management of publicity and communiqués on state affairs and other matters。

The Korea Tourism Organization was established in 1962，is an independent legal entity，Semi-official organization，Under the guidance of the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism，Mainly engaged in tourism research、Publicity and Promotion，Coordinate internal relations in the tourism industry，And provide travel consulting services to tourists，The funds for its activities are mainly provided by the government，Part of the promotional funds come from the operating income of airport and port duty-free shops and gambling authorized by the government。In Japan、Singapore、Philippines、United States、UK、France、Australia、There are 20 overseas tourism offices in mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan。

The Korea Tourism Association was established in 1963，Responsibility is to develop tourism products、Participate in promotions、Coordination Industry、Service Enterprise。

Provisions of South Korea's "Tourism Promotion Act"，Establish a tourism policy review committee under the leadership of the Prime Minister，Composed of 20 people，Established in 1965，Directly under the Prime Minister’s Office of the State Council，The Prime Minister shall serve as Chairman，Deliberation、Develop a tourism development strategy、Policies and major measures，Coordinate and deploy tourism revitalization matters，Deliberation and decision regarding tourism development、Publicity and Promotional Matters。The Tourism Policy Working Committee under the Tourism Policy Review Committee handles daily work。

(2) Ministry of Tourism and Sports, Kingdom of Thailand，Established in March 1960，Currently a deputy prime minister concurrently serves as a minister，Under the National Tourism Administration，Responsible for tourism promotion、Travel planning、Assist in training practitioners。The Minister of the Prime Minister’s Office of the National Tourism Administration serves as the Chairman of the Board of Directors，Its members include the Ministry of Foreign Affairs、Senior officials from the Ministry of Transportation and the Ministry of Interior，The Director of Tourism is the board member and secretary，Director’s Office、Bangkok Tourism Business and Tour Guide Registration Office、Administration Department、Budget and Accounting Department、Americas Regional Office、Japan Regional Office、Marketing and Promotion Department、Market Services Department、Projects and Planning Development Department、Planning and Investment Coordination Department、Research and Training Department。Has 20 offices in the country，Responsible for coordinating local 188bet online sports betting tourism affairs。16 tourism offices abroad。Thailand Travel Agents Association is a non-profit tourism industry organization，Coordination of internal and external relations in the tourism industry，Training industry personnel。

The highest management organization of the tourism industry is the Tourism Development Committee under the Prime Minister’s Office，The standing minister shall serve as the chairman of the committee，Absorb relevant departments (Ministry of Internal Affairs、Ministry of Transportation、Ministry of Foreign Affairs、National Environmental Council、Legislative Committee、Airline、Representatives from tourism bureaus and hotel associations, etc.) participated。

(3) Culture of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam、Ministry of Sports and Tourism，Subordinated to the National Tourism Administration。

(4) The original National Tourism Administration of the Lao People’s Democratic Republic，In June 2011, the Ministry of Information and Culture and the State Administration of Tourism merged into the Ministry of Information and Culture and the Ministry of National Tourism。

(5) The Republic of Indonesia was originally for tourism、Ministry of Posts, Telecommunications and Communications，Now Minister for Tourism and Creative Economy，Tourism Promotion Bureau。The Tourism Promotion Bureau has an International Market Development Department、Domestic Tourism Department、Tourist Attractions Development Department、Tourism Facilities Development Department、Tourism Services Development Department、Planning Department、Finance Department、Human Resources Department and Legal Affairs Department，And in Tokyo、Sydney、Frankfurt、There are 18 tourism offices in London and other places。

(6) The Republic of Maldives was formerly the Ministry of Tourism and Civil Aviation，Now traveling、Ministry of Arts and Culture。

(7) The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan was originally a culture、Ministry of Tourism and Youth，Now information、Ministry of Culture and Tourism。

(8) Pakistan Tourism Development Corporation (PTDC) of the Islamic Republic of China，Is the leading enterprise of the Pakistani government in developing tourism，Established in 1970，The government owns 96% of the shares，There are 20 tourist information centers across the country、4 large hotel chains and 18 motels。Pakistan Tourism Co., Ltd. is its subsidiary，Responsible for soliciting overseas group and individual travel。The Ministry of Culture and Tourism was established in 1972，Responsible for the overall development of tourism，Including the formulation of various development plans、Infrastructure construction、Research and promotion of tourism market、International cooperation and tourism talent training, etc.。National Tourism Organization (NTA) under the Ministry of Culture and Tourism，The main function is to promote foreign tourism。

(9) Ministry of Sports and Tourism of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

(10) Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Kyrgyz Republic.

(11) National Tourism Administration under the Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Development of Georgia，Now the Ministry of Sports and Tourism。

(12) Turkmenistan established the National Tourism Company in 1994，The National Tourism and Sports Committee was established in January 2000，Currently a deputy prime minister concurrently serves as the chairman of the Tourism and Sports Committee。In UAE、Türkiye、Pakistan、Germany、UK、There are representative offices in Russia and other countries。

(13) Formerly the Ministry of Youth and Tourism of the Republic of Azerbaijan，Currently the Ministry of Culture and Tourism。

(14)Youth of the Republic of Tajikistan、Sports and Tourism Committee，Under the National Tourism Administration。

(15) The Islamic Republic of Iran 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino is a cultural heritage、Handicraft and Tourism Organization，A vice president currently serves as the chairman of the organization。

(16) The Ministry of Culture of the Kingdom of Bahrain has a Tourism Bureau.

(17) Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan，The Jordan Tourism Bureau was established in March 1998，The main function is tourism promotion，11 tourism offices in Europe and the United States。

(18) Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities of the State of Palestine，Tourism Promotion Bureau。

(19) Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities of Iraq.

2. Countries in Africa that combine the Ministry of Tourism and Culture

(1) Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia。

(2) Ministry of Tourism and Culture of the Republic of The Gambia.

(3) Culture of the Republic of Benin、Literacy、Ministry of Handicrafts and Tourism。

(4) Information about the Republic of Equatorial Guinea、Ministry of Culture and Tourism。

(5) Tourism in the Federal Republic of Nigeria、Cultural Guidance Department。

(6) Ministry of Information, Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Liberia.

(7) Ministry of Tourism and Recreation of the Republic of Cameroon.

(8) Ministry of Culture and Tourism of Burkina Faso.

(9) Ministry of Tourism and Culture of the Republic of Sierra Leone.

(10) Former Ministry of Tourism and Environment of the Republic of Congo (Brazzaville)，Now the Ministry of Tourism and Entertainment。

(11) Republic of Djibouti，According to the World Tourism Organization website，For youth、Sports、Ministry of Entertainment and Tourism。According to "World Knowledge Yearbook"，Trade is in charge of the Ministry of Finance、SMEs、Handicrafts、Tourism and Planning Affairs。

3. Countries that combine European tourism and culture

(1) The predecessor of the British (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) Tourist Board is the British Tourist Association founded in 1929。Established under the Tourism Development Act 1969，Affiliated to the Ministry of Employment，Now part of the culture、Ministry of Media and Sports。The main function of VisitBritain is publicity and promotion、Promote tourism infrastructure construction，Secretariat、Tourism Marketing Committee、Tourism Development Committee、Tourism Development Committee、Hotel Restaurant Committee、Cultural Heritage Committee。Now a tourism promotion agency of the British government，Responsible for promoting Britain around the world (including England、Scotland and Wales) tourism resources and brands，Office in 35 countries and regions，Develop and implement England’s domestic market development strategy，Promote England tourism domestically。Domestic promotion of Wales and Scotland is the responsibility of Visit Wales and Visit Scotland respectively。The main tourism industry organization is the British Tourist Association (its members include shipping companies、Railway、Hotels and local governments with resorts)、Travelling Agents Association、Hotel and Restaurant Association、Tour Guide Association and other private industry organizations。

(2) The Russian Federation established the State Administration of Tourism in 1992，Later merged with the Ministry of Culture to form the Ministry of Culture and Tourism。The Russian Tourism Agency was established in 2004，Belongs directly to the Russian government。Putin becomes president、After the establishment of the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade，The State Administration of Tourism is placed within the Ministry，The main function is tourism external liaison and publicity and promotion。Changed to sports in 2008、Ministry of Tourism and Youth，A deputy minister is in 188bet sports betting app download charge of tourism，Department of Tourism Promotion and International Cooperation、Department of Youth Policy and Social Relations。In Sports、Under the guidance of the Ministry of Tourism and Youth，Federal Tourism Development Agency implements national tourism policy，Undertake international tourism exchange and cooperation projects，It consists of 5 bureaus: Hotel and Tourism Organization Analysis Bureau、Political and Legal Bureau、International Cooperation Bureau、Domestic Tourism and Tourism Project Planning and Development Bureau、Administration。The main tourism industry organization is the Russian Tourism Association、Travel Wholesalers Association and World Without Borders Travel Association (a travel agency organization aiming to expand inbound tourism through visa-free access，The main members are travel agencies that franchise the China-Russia visa-free agreement)。

(3) The Italian Republic established the National Tourism Administration in 1919，Formerly affiliated with Industry、Business、Jurisdiction of the Ministry of Handicrafts。The Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Tourism was later established，There was once a Secretary of State for Tourism in the Prime Minister’s Office，Responsible for coordinating tourism affairs。The Ministry of Tourism was established in May 2009，It consists of the Coordination Bureau of the Italian Image Promotion Mission and the Tourism Competition and Development Bureau (the National Tourism Administration is included in the Bureau)、Alpine Association and Automobile Club)。There are 27 tourism offices and 35 liaison offices abroad。Since 1935, various provinces have established tourism bureaus。Regional tourism bureaus are implementing the national tourism development guidelines、Policies and Plans，Enjoy considerable autonomy。In November 2011, the new cabinet established the Ministry of Tourism and Sports。

(4) The Belgian Ministry of Culture, under which is the Tourism Bureau.

(5) Tourism in the Republic of Albania、Culture、Ministry of Youth and Sports。

(6) Ministry of Sports and Tourism of the Republic of Poland，Subordinated Tourism Bureau，The Polish Tourism Promotion Agency is responsible for tourism promotion and promotion。

(7) Tourism in the Republic of Malta、Ministry of Culture and Environment，Under the National Tourism Administration。

(8)Slovak Republic，According to "2011/2012 World Knowledge Yearbook"，For the Ministry of Culture and Tourism。According to the World Tourism Organization website，For transportation、Ministry of Construction and Regional Development。

(9) Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Moldova.

(10) Ministry of Culture and Tourism of Ukraine，Under the National Tourism and Vacation Service Bureau。

(11) Tourism in the Republic of San Marino、Sports、Department of Economic Planning and Public Utilities International Relations ("World Knowledge Yearbook 2011/2012")。According to the World Tourism Organization website，Set Travel、Sports、Communication、Ministry of Transport and Economic Cooperation。

Four: A country combining Oceania and the Ministry of Culture

(1) Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea，Tourism Promotion Bureau。

(2) Solomon Islands Culture and Tourism.

*Author of this article: Wang Xingbin，Expert Author，Former Director of the Institute of Tourism Science, Beijing International Studies University、Professor。