June 6，China 5G officially issued license，5G construction has also entered the acceleration lane。

2019，The total 5G investment plans of China’s three operators shall not exceed 34.2 billion yuan，If estimated according to the original investment plan，About 90,000 5G base stations will be built this year。

But，5G commercial license accelerates this process，Industry expert predictions，China is expected to build 200,000 5G base stations (including small base stations) in 2019。

The exclusive news obtained by the "IT Times" reporter from China Tower Co., Ltd. (referred to as China Tower) is，Currently Beijing、Shanghai、Guangzhou、Tower branches in Zhejiang and other provinces and cities have delivered 4400 5G base stations respectively、3700、5000、more than 3100，These four key provinces and cities alone have built more than 1.620,000 5G base stations，Followup，The three major operators will gradually open these delivered base stations。

From an international perspective，The countries currently announcing commercial use include the United States、South Korea、Switzerland、UK, etc.，Among them, the scale of 5G construction in the United States is relatively small，About only a few thousand，South Korea is larger，It is expected that 80,000 5G base stations will be built by the end of this year，Already one-tenth of the 4G base station。Judging from the scale of construction，China is expected to catch up with South Korea in 2019、The United States and other pioneering countries。

How China catches up with the pioneers in a short period of time？One game to share、Energy-saving themed experiments are accelerating China’s 5G commercialization process。

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More than 10 million social towers "transformed" into 5G small base stations

5G will be the era of small base stations，The number of 5G base stations will be two or three times that of 4G base stations，Difficult to choose a location、High cost has become a factor restricting the development of 5G，How to break the situation？Wang Zhiqin, Vice President of China Academy of Information and Communications Technology, previously stated，To reduce network investment，The principle of enterprise voluntariness can be adopted，Carry out network co-construction 188bet sports betting app download and sharing with established operating companies，Reduce initial network construction costs。

2017，The American Wireless Communications and Internet Association (CTIA) report states，City street light、Telephone poles will be an important infrastructure in the 5G small base station era。2018，The Korean government opens street lights、Telegraph pole、Municipal infrastructure such as traffic lights are used for 5G construction，Solving the problem of limited urban space。Recently，Japan opens 200,000 traffic lights，Allow the four major telecom operators to build 5G base stations on traffic signal light poles。

This wave of shared 5G construction is setting off around the world，Actually it sprouted from China，First proposed by China Tower in 2017，Let the social tower become a communication tower，Let the communication tower become a social tower。

After two years of accumulation in the 4G era，China Tower has reserved more than 10 million social pole tower resources and site database，Including 8.75 million street light poles、Monitoring pole，More than 3.5 million power poles and towers, etc.，Added 1.95 million existing communication towers and 330,000 property buildings，The opening of these social tower resources has laid the foundation for the low-cost and rapid deployment of 5G base stations。

And just in the near future，Estimated by Wei Leping, Executive Deputy Director of the Communications Science and Technology Commission of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology，5G small stations in the Chinese market will reach tens of millions。The application scenarios of small base stations in the 5G era are coverage and capacity，Due to factors such as the high frequency shift of 5G itself, the uplink coverage is degraded，Indoor coverage is a big problem in the 5G era，Small base stations are considered to be one of the ways out，Splitting macro stations into small stations is the most effective way to expand frequency reuse。

Small base stations become the solution for 5G，Social tower sharing has become a breakthrough in 5G base station construction。

Social Tower "transforms" into a 5G base station

Since this year，Provincial companies of China Tower began to try to use social tower resources for 5G base station construction。

In Shanghai Hongqiao Business District，The "IT Times" reporter witnessed the 5G base station and street lights、The process of integrating the monitoring rod，Such a combination pole will also appear on the streets of downtown Shanghai，Shanghai Tower is the first batch to build and renovate nearly 20 5G combined poles。

In Jinan City, Shandong Province，One length is 4.On the 8-kilometer intelligent connected vehicle test road，Tower Corporation has deployed seven 5G base stations，Completed the planning and construction of 5G base stations in only two weeks。In Shandong Province，Sharing has become an important fulcrum of 5G construction，Lamp pole at Qingdao Olympic Sailing Center、High pole lamp 188bet app in front of Qingdao Railway Station、Internet celebrity beer tower in Tsingtao Beer Plaza、There are communication base stations hidden in the ancient city of Zaozhuang and Taierzhuang，These all lay the foundation for the later 5G construction。

Height has become the primary condition to measure whether a social tower can be transformed into a 5G base station，Shanghai Tower Base Station construction personnel introduced to the reporter of "IT Times"，Currently，Only street light poles with a height of more than 15 meters、Only municipal infrastructure such as monitoring poles can meet the basic needs of 5G，Social tower resources above 20 meters are excellent candidates。

Also，Load capacity and location are also important considerations。The average weight of a 5G AAU device is about 43 kg，About 10 kg heavier than a 4G device，“Some social towers were rejected because of insufficient load-bearing capacity”，The staff of the Tower Company revealed to the reporter of "IT Times"，"On the other hand，Currently, the 5G demands submitted by the three major operators are mainly concentrated in residential buildings、Commercial buildings and other crowded areas，Social tower resources are mainly concentrated on both sides of the road，Or sparsely populated rural areas and suburbs，So there will be a problem that the site selection requirements are not matched。”

Currently，The 5G construction of the three major operators mainly focuses on the transformation of existing tower macro stations and indoor coverage，Fu Liang, a telecommunications analysis expert, also thinks so，The social tower sharing model may explode on a large scale in a year，5G coverage in major areas will be in place by then，Operators focus on optimizing the network，Small micro sites will be applied on a large scale。

How much money does sharing save for 5G?

Low cost、Fast deployment，are the two major advantages shared by Social Tower。How much money will the large-scale application of this model save 5G？

2018，China Tower and China Southern Power Grid、State Grid Cooperation，Transform a power pole into a communication base station，China Tower has made a calculation，The average cost of building a new ground communication tower body and foundation is 14.20,000 yuan，An area of ​​30 square meters。Use existing power grid tower poles for base station construction，Each macro site can save more than 100,000 yuan on average。

5G base stations not only have macro stations and large towers，More are small micro sites，The cost of small and micro sites is not as high as that of macro sites，“The above calculations only apply to macro sites。Sharing mode mainly saves the cost of new base stations，But there will also be renovation costs，So it is difficult to calculate accurately。" the person in charge of China Tower explained。

There are three main costs for base station construction: civil engineering、Power introduction and supporting facilities。Relevant people from Shanghai 188bet app download Tower also pointed out to reporters，Sharing can save 100% of the civil construction costs of small and micro sites，In supporting facilities、Every aspect of electricity introduction can be shared to save money。 Among more than 3.5 million power pole resources，China Tower has transformed more than 1,500 power poles into macro base stations，The number of street light pole modifications is even greater，Rough estimate，Only power towers share this part，Already saved 1.About 500 million yuan。For example, in Fujian Province，The Tower Company’s new macro station uses a total of 17 power poles and towers，The new ground micro-stations use a total of 3765 social poles and towers of various types。

Guangdong model: smart poles make 5G construction no longer difficult

Under construction of smart city，5G is an indispensable protagonist，The wisdom pole will exist like peripheral neurons。Under the 5G base station construction plan in Guangdong Province，The smart pole becomes the protagonist，From the perspective of planned quantity，2019，Guangdong Province plans to build more than 20,000 5G base stations，More than 40,000 new and existing existing smart poles。

Guangdong Province takes the lead in promoting smart poles，Solving the problem of massive 5G sites with the "one pole for multiple purposes" model，Already in Guangzhou、Shenzhen、Shaoguan、Huizhou、Zhongshan、Qingyuan、Shantou and other 7 places to conduct pilot projects，Only in Guangzhou，Going to the government compound、Tianhe South 2nd Road、Guangzhou Iron and Steel New City、8 smart light pole pilot projects including Huacheng Plaza，Under construction in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area，Smart poles are also listed as "new intelligent infrastructure"。

March 14 this year，Guangdong Tower took the lead in establishing the Guangdong Smart Pole Industry Alliance，Currently, more than half of the 30 projects in Guangdong have been implemented。

In Shenzhen，The first smart road begins to be paved，IoT sensing point with smart pole，This road will have wireless Wi-Fi、Function of vehicle-road collaboration，The prototype of driverless driving has appeared。

In Shaoguan，141 smart light poles will be erected on both sides of Lotus Avenue，They are both street lights，Also a base station，Also serves as the camera、Environment Monitoring、Bus Intelligent Positioning、Traffic video enforcement、Multiple roles such as car charging piles。

In Guangzhou Guanggang New City，A smart community housing 190,000 people is being transformed，More than 600 smart poles are coordinated and constructed by the Tower Company，This smart pole is not only a base station，Also injects various ideas of the Internet of Things into it，For example, after a child is lost，One or two hours is the golden period for searching for someone，If parents press the alarm button on the smart pole immediately，Then the child’s photos will appear on all street light network 188bet app download screens within 5 kilometers。

In the pilot of smart pole，The Guangzhou Municipal Government also encountered difficulties，Lamp poles are under urban management、Property Management，The video is under the control of the police，The base station belongs to the Tower Company、Operator management，A smart pole involves more than ten units，Coordination issues surfaced。

The first Chinese tower to be proposed as a social tower and a communication tower，Of course the leader of the one-shot multi-purpose model，In order to formulate technical standards for multiple interfaces of smart poles，Determine the business model，China Tower’s provincial companies, including Guangdong Tower, are actively building new smart poles，Of course，Inventory transformation and sharing is the original intention of China Tower。

A surprise attack on the eve of 5G commercial use

Combat the two major problems of cost and power consumption

Which one should I choose between NSA (non-independent networking) and SA (independent networking)?，This is an issue that needs to be considered clearly before 5G construction。

Cost、Power consumption，It is placed by the operator、Two major problems facing tower companies and technical equipment service providers。

Cost and power consumption: two major difficulties in 5G construction 

NSA still has many problems to solve，For example, the equipment is expensive、Short technical life, etc.，Wei Leping pointed out，The price of 5G equipment is more than three times that of 4G，Power consumption is 3-4 times that of 4G base station，The power supply systems of a large number of base stations across the entire network must be modified，The electricity bill during the lifetime of a base station may exceed the cost of the base station itself。

This actually creates a cost problem for telecom operators，Wei Leping thinks，To achieve coverage similar to 4G network and realize all the features of 5G，Operators may need to spend more than 4 times the cost。In the future, 5G network may cover counties or developed towns，The majority of rural areas still need 4G coverage。Even so，The operator’s conservative estimate of investment will also be in 4G1.About 5 times。

Guotai Junan also recently released a report forecast，In terms of the number of 5G base stations，will also be 1 of the existing 4G base stations.2 times-1.5 times，However, the total 5G investment of the three telecom operators in 2019 did not exceed 34.2 billion yuan。

5G construction will accelerate in 2020，Guotai Junan’s report forecast，China Mobile is expected to build 38.80,000 5G base stations，China Telecom plans to build 100,000 units，China Unicom is expected to build 5.20,000。Reaching the peak period of 5G construction from 2021 to 2023，More than 1 million new 5G base stations are added every year。

At that time，Cost and power consumption，Still two difficult problems，Need to gain experience through practice。

Zhejiang experience: Tower companies and Huawei jointly fight the 5G "electric tiger"

The 5G era is no longer just about connections between people，Also includes things and things、The connection between people and things，Large bandwidth、Large connections mean a large increase in 5G power consumption，3-4 times that of 4G devices，Traditional mains power cannot satisfy this "electric tiger"。

In order to solve the power consumption problem of 5G base stations，Zhejiang Tower took the lead in launching an energy-saving mode。

The cost of transforming traditional mains electricity is high、Long cycle，Seriously dragging down the pace of 5G deployment，Significantly increase investment。On the other hand，5G consumes a lot of power，High cable loss，The voltage on the tower is reduced，5G network cannot work properly。Zhejiang Tower establishes innovation laboratory，Cooperating with Huawei to pilot new power solutions，Intelligent peak shaving of mains power、Smart Boost、Smart energy storage，Solved high speed、High-speed rail、Campus、Insufficient mains power outside sites with obvious tidal effects such as industrial parks。

How to achieve three intelligences？Intelligent peak-shaving and valley-filling means that you can charge while you are busy，Do not charge backup battery during peak periods，Replenish the backup battery during low periods。At the same time，Zhejiang Tower will also carry out power supply innovation，First, connect solar energy on the basis of traditional power supply、High voltage remote supply，Then mix and pool the cells。The second is high integration、Large capacity 450A power supply，Can save half the installation space。

A technical expert from Huawei made a calculation to the reporter of "IT Times"，For Tower Corporation，Huawei’s solution can save 20,000 to 30,000 yuan in investment for a single site。

final，Zhejiang’s experience shows that the mains electricity supply is not changed、immovable power distribution、5G energy solution without adding cabinets，Greatly reduces the construction cost of 5G。

The assault on the eve of 5G，Reserves the possibility of acceleration for the early issuance of 5G licenses。

*Source of this article: IT Times, author: Sun Yan,Original title: "China’s 5G is running wild and has been completed in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Zhejiang1.620,000 5G base stations》.