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Since the reform and opening up,The biggest change for people is the growth of 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino demand among domestic residents in our country。According to statistics,my country’s domestic 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino increased from about 200 million people in 1984 to 3.6 billion people in 2014,Increased 17 times。Per capita travel has increased from 0 in 1984.2 times to 2 in 2014.6 times,12 times increase。In 2014, the number of outbound tourists from mainland my country exceeded 100 million for the first time,Da1.0.9 billion people,is 12 in 1998.94 times。
China’s 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino consumption power is growing rapidly,has become the world’s largest domestic 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino market and the largest outbound 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino market。Chinese tourists have traveled to more than 150 countries and regions around the world,has become an important tourist source country in the world。
The growth of my country’s 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino demand has also greatly promoted the development of the 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino industry,According to statistics,The compound growth rate of China’s 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino industry’s total revenue from 2008 to 2013 reached 20.5%,The total revenue of China’s 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino industry is expected to grow at a compound rate of approximately 19% from 2013 to 2020.7%。
The rapid growth of my country’s 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino demand,Chinese people did not expect it,International scholars did not predict it correctly either,World 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino Organization in a 1997 research report,Made a prediction on China’s 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino demand,By 2020,China’s domestic 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino and outbound 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino will become the world’s largest market and the world’s fourth largest market respectively,The reality is,my country’s domestic 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino and outbound 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino became the world’s largest 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino market in 2010,Achieved the goal predicted by the World 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino Organization 10 years ahead of schedule。
current,China’s rapid growth in 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino demand and strong market size,has become a phenomenon of concern to the world economy and 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino economy,Become an important force in promoting the growth of world international service trade and domestic service consumption。
How to explain the phenomenon of increasing 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino demand in our country?Explain the problem,There can be two analysis base points,One is the basic point of sociology,One is the basic point of economics。
Analyzing 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino demand from sociology,Travel is a way of life,It is a lifestyle corresponding to the industrial production method。We know,Human society has experienced nomadic society、Agrarian society、Industrial society and post-industrial society,The reason why it is different,Not only the difference in production methods,It also depends on the difference in their lifestyle,In terms of spatial relationship,Nomadic society is a mobile lifestyle,Agrarian society is a settled lifestyle,Industrial society is the immigrant lifestyle,188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino is the embodiment of the immigrant lifestyle in industrial society,Mobility and residence constitute the 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino phenomenon,It has also become the essential attribute of 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino,Usual environment and non-usual environment、Fast pace and slow pace、Large scale and small scale transform into each other in different spaces,It is the pursuit and choice of people living in the environment of industrialization and urbanization。
From a sociological perspective,This kind of travel choice is inevitable,It is in line with the general laws of the development of human society。Our country is currently in the historical stage of developing from an industrial society to a post-industrial society,The stage of social development supports the growth of my country’s 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino demand。
Analyzing 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino demand from economics,The 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino phenomenon is a social and economic phenomenon,Socioeconomic changes will have an important impact on 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino。188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino is the product of industrialization and urbanization development,Industrial methods have greatly promoted economic and social changes。
On the one hand,The industrial production method allows social wealth to accumulate and grow at a geometric rate,People living under industrialization used shorter labor time to complete more wealth produced by previous societies,On the other hand,The refinement of social division of labor has further weakened the labor function of people's family production,This results in an increase in people’s discretionary time,simultaneously,The industrialized production method has made people’s labor no longer happy,People desire more relaxation and entertainment after work,To regulate intense work pressure,When industrialization drives urbanization,People will become tired of the usual environment,It will also inevitably lead to space consumption。
The more developed industrialization becomes,The higher the degree of urbanization,The more common the residents’ travel lifestyle,This is why after World War II,Travel enters the era of popularization,The main reason why 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino became the world’s largest industry in the mid-1990s。
Since the reform and opening up,In the context of my country’s rapid social and economic development,The disposable income of urban and rural residents in my country is constantly increasing。According to the direct survey results of hundreds of thousands of households every year by the National Bureau of Statistics,188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino 1978 to 2012,After deducting price increases,The real growth of per capita disposable income of urban residents nationwide is 10.5 times,Average annual real growth 7.4%;The per capita disposable income of national residents in 2014 was 20,167 yuan,The per capita disposable income of urban residents is 28844 yuan,The per capita disposable income of rural residents is 10,489 yuan。The continued growth of residents’ income creates economic conditions for people to travel。
From the stage of my country’s social and economic development,Our country will enter a post-industrial development stage in the near future。Currently,Our country is in a historical period of evolution from industrial 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino to post-industrial 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino。Beijing、Shanghai、Guangdong and other provinces and cities have taken the lead in entering the post-industrial 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino,Most coastal provinces and cities and some cities in the central and western regions,Already have the basic conditions for the transition to a post-industrial 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino,It can be said,Most regions and most of the population in our country will gradually enter a post-industrial 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino in the near future。
We know,Travel as a way of life,It emerged and developed in industrialized society,Mature in a post-industrial society,Travel will become an important way of life for people in post-industrial society,It is a new cultural phenomenon。In this social context,Facing the growing demand for 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino,Give us an important thought,Can my country’s current social management and social system design meet people’s needs for travel and leisure??
188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino is not just an economic issue,It is also a social problem,The development of 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino not only requires the supply of economic systems,We also need the supply of social system。We know,Different from other requirements,Travel requires free time,Specially continuity is guaranteed with discretionary time。And this free time depends on the public holidays of the whole society,Also depends on the citizen’s private holiday,The scale of 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino demand and the satisfaction of 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino demand are closely related to the citizen vacation system。Only the whole society has implemented a certain citizen vacation system,The system guarantees a certain period of leave,In order to increase the liquidity of the 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino market,In order to effectively ensure citizens’ travel needs,Only in cities will the scale of 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino consumption be expanded。
However,Long time,Our country has not paid enough attention to the implementation of the national leave system, especially the paid annual leave system。Although my country’s Labor Law has already stipulated paid annual leave for workers,But it is very difficult to implement。Not only that,Influenced by my country’s culture and institutional arrangements,People often associate personal vacation with labor or work attitude,What managers prefer is a "white plus black" and "5 plus 2" work attitude,The society advocates working more、The social trend of less rest,The game between 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino demand and vacation system is formed。
When citizens’ vacation is linked to social morality,Even if it is a prescribed vacation,People will not or cannot claim their vacation rights。When this understanding becomes a hidden rule and soft system generally recognized by 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino,The vacation system stipulated in the labor law has become a formal thing。
When residents’ personal holidays cannot be implemented effectively,People have no choice but to rely on national public holidays for travel。Under the conditions of scarce resources during national public holidays,People’s travel has become a painful thing。During public holidays,A large number of tourists go to major tourist cities and tourist attractions,Difficult to travel,Difficult to buy tickets、Difficult to visit,The highway has become a parking lot,The tourist attraction has become a gathering place,These have become common phenomena in domestic 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino in our country。Travel as a way of life,A relaxing and enjoyable activity,It has become an alienation phenomenon in our country。All of these must be said to be related to the supply of our country’s vacation system。
Each 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino has different social forms,There will also be different lifestyles,There should be institutional arrangements that are compatible with the social form and lifestyle。It took our country nearly 30 years to complete the transformation from an agricultural 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino to an industrial 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino,Although,Our country is already in the second half of the development of industrial 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino,But in terms of social system arrangements,Many also have the color of agricultural 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino。
For example,Arrangement of leave system in industrial 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino,In an agricultural 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino, it is a self-sufficient economy that produces for individuals,The way of rest and vacation is completely decided by the individual,188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino does not need a vacation system,However, in industrial 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino,The economy is one of producing for others,Individual workers do not have the social ability to determine free rest and vacation,Therefore,It requires the state and 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino to make institutional arrangements,To realize people’s vacation rights。
If the country does not provide these systems,Completely arranged by enterprises and social groups,Workers’ vacation rights are difficult to guarantee。According to research by the Institute of Labor Science,More than 1/3 of the employed population in our country work more than 48 hours a week,The working hours of employees in private enterprises are definitely more than those in state-owned enterprises。Among these businesses,The vast majority of people do not enjoy paid annual leave。Workers’ paid annual leave is a system that was implemented in the middle stages of industrialization in economically developed countries,In China, which is about to enter a post-industrial 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino,This is still something that workers are calling for loudly,It’s incredible。
From one side,The history of the Industrial Revolution is a history of workers fighting for their rights to rest and 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino。Workers have gradually reduced from working more than 60 hours a week to less than 40 hours a week,Reduced working week from seven to five days,simultaneously,With the improvement of labor productivity,Workers have also gained more 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino rights。
The paid annual leave 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino for workers first began in France in 1936,Since then, it has been popularized in various countries around the world。Applicants for paid annual 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino in various countries:
The United States is a regular employee、Civil servants, etc.;France for all part-time and full-time employees;
The UK is for employees in all industries, full-time and part-time;
Germany is the employees of all enterprises and institutions;
Sweden is for employees in all industries, professions, public and private sectors;
Japanese are corporate employees and civil servants.
Visible,France、UK、Germany、The paid annual leave 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino in Sweden and other countries applies to almost all employees,From the applicable conditions of paid annual leave in various countries:
The United States requires continuous employment of 6 months,France means working continuously for 1 month,Germany requires working for 6 months or more,Sweden requires working continuously for 180 days,In Japan, it means working continuously for more than 6 months or having an attendance rate of more than 80%。
Looking at the number of days of paid annual 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino in various countries,30 days in France,4 weeks in the UK,24 days in Germany,25 days in Sweden,The EU requires all member states to guarantee at least 4 weeks of paid 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino per year,Including full-time employees and part-time employees。
In fact,Many countries have more than 4 weeks of 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino days。U.S. federal law does not provide for this,The specific details will be determined through negotiations between the American labor unions and management,American companies generally take the initiative to provide employees with paid annual leave,188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino time ranges from 8 to 20 days per year,Depends on the worker’s working hours。
Not only that,Countries around the world have also made flexible regulations on 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino methods,German legal provisions,People can arrange their 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino dates separately according to their actual situation。Employees can negotiate paid leave time with their employer in advance。Families with children generally choose winter and summer vacations。For this,German companies and institutions give priority to employees with young children when arranging vacations,Employee 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino arrangements will also be determined two to three months in advance。In order to alleviate the traffic pressure caused by the holidays,German schools also have staggered holidays。The school holiday times in the 16 German states are different,Adopt a rotating system。
Free travel time,Helps reduce overcrowding at attractions and roads。German holidays are long and varied,But road congestion is rare、Attractions are overcrowded。
On the attitude towards 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino,French people who love life,is the original initiator of the paid leave system。As early as 1936,The French government has made it clear that all French people should have the right to paid holidays every year。Now,France’s paid leave is already up to 6 weeks per year。The French regard 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino as an inviolable right。They can always spend their holidays in the most leisurely way。
Salary workers in Finland have 6 weeks of statutory paid 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino。The union ensures that employees do not have to worry about losing their jobs due to taking long 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino。The Finnish government also requires employers to provide additional allowances to furloughed people,To ensure that they have enough money to travel or spend,Instead of just spending time at home。And in Sweden,The government has launched a new labor management policy,Those who voluntarily 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino their jobs、Employees on 12-month long 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino,Can receive 85% of unemployment insurance benefits。
Provisions on leave systems for workers in developed countries around the world,Not only adapts to the requirements of the development of industrial 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino,It is also a reflection of people’s travel lifestyle in modern 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino。We live in such a 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino,We must adjust our attitude in accordance with this social lifestyle,Adjusting our system,To change the old systems that are not suitable for this kind of 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino,Old Culture、Old ideas and old habits。
In an agricultural 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino,I live in the countryside,During lunch,I can visit houses with my rice bowl in hand,In industrial 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino,I live in the city,If I eat my rice bowl in front of my house,This is an incredible thing。Different societies have different lifestyles and behavioral rules,We must take the initiative to establish social rules and systems that suit our lifestyle。
In our country,It is necessary to solve and implement the paid leave system for workers,Not just sending a file,Develop a policy outline,What is important is to re-understand workers’ 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino rights and rights in theory。The issue of workers’ vacations must be understood from the perspective of public morality and the realization of the “Chinese Dream”。
Evaluate a country’s development,Not only an increase in residents’ income,Satisfaction of material life,It also shows whether people have certain social rights and the right to take vacations。Meanwhile,The 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino system for workers must be fully implemented,First of all, we must establish and improve the leave system for national civil servants, especially the leave system for national leaders。Due to various reasons and cultural background in our country,The implementation effect of a system and policy is highly related to the exemplary role of national leaders。We should learn from industrialized countries,We must learn from the successful experiences of industrial social management in developed countries,Arrangement of 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino system for national leaders,Promote the implementation of the national 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino system。
Presidents of the United States have never been more busy with their official duties,Also regularly goes to Camp David for 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino。President Reagan was in office for 8 years,436 days of 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino in total;President Bush’s first 7 years in office,Goed to Crawford Farm 65 times,Stayed for 418 days,Became the president who took the longest 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino in office。According to the Russian "State Civil Servants Law",Leaders who hold important national positions are entitled to 35 days of 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino per year。In addition,As president, there is also "additional paid leave for state service",Add one day off for each year of service,But the total number shall not exceed 45 days。
Through the example of national leaders,Tell business managers and social group managers a truth,People’s work and rest,Labor and vacation are two important aspects of industrial 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino,Missing which one,This 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino is an unhealthy 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino。
The release of my country’s 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino energy,Obtained from the game between people’s travel needs and the old system。On the one hand,Industrialization and urbanization are releasing 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino energy,On the other hand,Old systems and outdated ideas are restricting the release of this energy。
We trade time for space,Let’s trade space for time,We use the design of new systems to gain 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino energy,Let this status quo continue,This tests our ability to govern。As my country’s economy and society enter the new normal development stage,How to release the vitality of 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino consumption through institutional design,Making 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino a growth factor in my country’s economic development under the new normal,The market liquidity created by the vacation system is a problem that must be solved at present。
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