Recently I saw an article "Internet Entrepreneurship in 2016" by Weibo user @清银V，Causing a lot of shock 188bet sports betting app download entrepreneurial circle，The article mentioned a point of view from VC: The era of APP entrepreneurship is over。Although I think the article is too pessimistic，But generally speaking there is nothing wrong，Not only the APP industry，The entrepreneurial era in most traffic-dependent fields (such as various forms of e-commerce) is almost over，The article about Internet project layoffs hit the screen again today。

Excerpt some of @sterlingsilverV’s views for discussion (click the bottom of the 188bet sports betting app download to read the original text for the full version):

(Additional point: I personally think that the answer 188bet sports betting app download also be a gust of wind，No real user value has been created)

disappearance of bonus

I think the dilemma of pure APP startups in the past two years is understandable，The upstream technology of mobile Internet has almost been overdrawn，No new revolutionary technology appears (in fact, no one wants to take advantage of it，Everyone wants to succeed as soon as possible)，There will be no new APP experience form，Everyone does things from 1 to N，It is difficult to succeed in 188bet sports betting app download kind of thing without paying dividends。

188bet sports betting app download is the cold winter of pure APP entrepreneurship，In fact, the bonus period has disappeared，The user has been circled，Since no one is willing to settle down and make new technologies，Let vested interests monopolize the market。

It may be difficult to start a pure APP business now，But other industries are fine，In business process，The bonus period in most industries is always short，There will be a long period of competition in the Red Sea，188bet sports betting app download is the normal state of business。When Nike was making sports shoes, it was already in the red ocean，When Starbucks makes coffee，Coffee has been invented for hundreds of years，Haidilao is not the first to make hot pot。AndAccording to statistics，Most giants were founded during the low ebb period rather than the dividend period，It may be that companies that started their 188bet sports betting app download in difficult times focus on user value，Therefore more competitive。

In the long business cycle，Most industries do not experience frequent disruptive technological revolutions，There are not many cases of enjoying the benefits during the bonus period，Everyone is fair after the bonus period disappears，The only unfair thing at 188bet sports betting app download time is intelligence，Counterattacks in most fields are accomplished using innovative sales methods under the same product form，Do you understand that 188bet sports betting app download counterattack methodology is intellectually unfair。

Generally speaking，Depending on the 188bet sports betting app download，The methodologies for weak enterprises to counterattack vested interests include the following:

1. Cultural innovation

2. Decentralization

3. Cross-border integration

Ideological innovation

I have introduced the methodology of ideological innovation (also called cultural innovation) in many articles before，No more details here。In all sales form industries，In addition to the disruptive innovation brought about by the technological revolution，Almost all counterattack cases come from ideological subversion，Instead of 188bet sports betting app download disruption。

Because the product disruption cycle is too long，Not everyone can encounter such opportunities when starting a business，So most of the counterattack methodologies，In fact, it gives users new reasons for consumption based on changes in social ideology，188bet sports betting app download is innovation based on ideology。

Starbucks still sells coffee，But the reason why 188bet sports betting app download drink coffee has changed，Because he added a social element to coffee。

Nike still sells sports shoes，But the reason why 188bet sports betting app download wear sneakers has changed，Because he emphasizes hard work rather than sports。

Haidilao still sells hot pot，But the reason why 188bet sports betting app download eat hot pot has changed，Because 188bet sports betting app download’ expectations for humanized services go beyond the hot pot itself。

TFBOYS still sells music，But 188bet sports betting app download changes the reason why users listen to music，Because TFBOYS meets the needs of maternal onset。

Almost in all industries that sell products to users，All can counterattack through ideological innovation，Subvert vested interests，188bet sports betting app download is a proven set、Mature methodology，Has reference value for most disadvantaged enterprises。

Decentralization

Centralization is when 188bet sports betting app download place an advertisement on CCTV，Hundreds of millions of people knew about it instantly。

Decentralization means Fu Yuanhui is so cute，Everyone is rushing to share her emoticons。

Is 188bet sports betting app download better to be centralized or decentralized?

The centralized marketing method has made many big companies successful，If you have money，Contracted all good TV programs，Your competitors will have no choice but to show their hands，For example, OPPO 188bet sports betting app download mobile phone industry、VIVO，Two colas + Red Bull Jiaduobao 188bet sports betting app download beverage industry，There is also BAT 188bet sports betting app download Internet field，Sitting on huge traffic，It’s easy to be proud of its projects，You see Xiaomi is going to do a live broadcast，My own APP can achieve tens of millions of installs a year at no cost at all。

Is centralization valuable? Valuable to big businesses，Like saving when the flood breaks its banks，Why did Jiaduobao quickly become the number one after changing its label，Just keep throwing the whole car into the water，Instead of throwing rocks，Fast enough to withstand the flood，The marketing method of start-ups is more like finding a few people to throw stones into the flood，How can 188bet sports betting app download be successful。

Centralization is an efficient marketing method，However, 188bet sports betting app download opportunity belongs more to those with vested interests。Startups fight against vested interests in marketing，Besides decentralization，There is no other better way。

Decentralized methodology

On the Internet 2.0 era，The traffic has been completely channelized，Most successful projects，188bet sports betting app download’s all related to the vested interests of the channel，So China’s Internet entrepreneurship environment is very harsh，Because 90% of successful projects are related to BAT that controls traffic。

Decentralization is the best thing for entrepreneurs 188bet sports betting app download mobile Internet era to counterattack the giants、Almost the only chance，Marketing channels in the past were centralized，It means that companies without money (or without channels) basically have no chance of exposure，But the mobile Internet is a people-oriented platform，Although 188bet sports betting app download fragmented nature increases the difficulty of marketing，But products or content that meet the needs of users’ humanity can easily explode，It doesn’t matter whether you are rich or poor，188bet sports betting app download brings entrepreneurs and traffic giants to a close level。

iPhone is a typical decentralized business model，Apple’s marketing budget is not high，But every time a new product is released，Users around the world will rush to spread the word；Apple does not make a variety of APPs，But there are millions of APPs 188bet sports betting app download App Store；Apple does not have such a huge after-sales service，A lot of technical support is provided by fruit fans helping each other；Even 188bet sports betting app download early days Apple didn’t have many retail stores，But strong demand has driven scalpers and various retailers to complete a wide range of socialized distribution channels。

188bet sports betting app download is also the reason why Xiaomi can rise rapidly in the Chinese market，Xiaomi’s entire early operation model is similar to Apple’s decentralization，At that time, Xiaomi did not develop any ground channels，But the product is too hot，stimulated a large amount of direct consumer demand，188bet sports betting app download demand drives a large number of social channels to spontaneously sell Xiaomi products，Resulting in high shipment volume，The craziest time，It is said that as long as the group buying website can get a new Xiaomi mobile phone, it will be put on the shelves，Can pull 10,000 UVs，So much so that the marketers of many group buying websites participated in grabbing Xiaomi phones。

Powered by decentralized models，Brands can drive social user groups with unlimited potential to participate in and contribute to their own operations，Once 188bet sports betting app download power is effectively utilized，It is simply not something that can be matched by the capabilities of any company’s internal team，In an instant, you will be separated from your competitors by several dimensions。

Observe successful Internet projects，Almost all have decentralized models embedded in their 188bet sports betting app download models，For example WeChat、Weibo、Minute answer、Didi、FaceU。。。And your favorite BT download，The common feature of these projects is that the entire information exchange model is completely centerless，Everyone participates and everyone contributes，The platform only needs to formulate rules。

In fact, micro-business is also a decentralized model，By designing a reasonable benefit chain，Everyone maintains the operation of the entire hive like bees，Everyone has his own gain，The key is how to use it。There is a chain O2O model called Dai Niujia，Using micro-business operations，Successfully opened 150 physical franchise stores in just 4 months，What is 188bet sports betting app download concept？It takes several years and hundreds of people for a traditional retail franchise brand to reach the same scale，Not necessarily successful yet。

Schematic diagram of centralization and decentralization

To form a decentralized sales model，188bet sports betting app download are some key points:

Design a decentralized rule.Can support users to complete information diffusion independently，Form your 188bet sports betting app download model。

The subversive nature of the 188bet sports betting app download itself.Participation is the prerequisite for decentralization，The more innovative the model, the easier 188bet sports betting app download is to attract attention and participation。

Make products in a fashionable way.188bet sports betting app download context of decentralized communication，Product is the core carrier of marketing，It is not enough for a product to functionally meet user needs，If you don’t design according to the popular methodology，It is difficult to inspire the public to share emotions，Marketing efforts will fail。

Operate extremely high topic density.The essential factor for any popular phenomenon is the density of topics，Without topic density, 188bet sports betting app download would be no conformity，Without conformity 188bet sports betting app download would be no pandemic，No exceptions。

Are 188bet sports betting app download resources useful?

On the topic of decentralization，I am more emotional。I was asked a question recently when talking to investors: Do 188bet sports betting app download have any resources for marketing？

Having been 188bet sports betting app download marketing world for so many years，Of course there will be a lot of resources，But I told investors，I have no resources，Actually, I never rely on resources。

True，With my many years of marketing experience，Really successful marketing，First of all, 188bet sports betting app download’s not about resources，Resources can even be harmful sometimes。In any marketing process, think in terms of resources or channels，It will be difficult for you to create a groundbreaking product from 0 to 1，You will ignore the popular implantation 188bet sports betting app download product，188bet sports betting app download end you will not be able to form decentralized communication。

When you think you have the advantage of resources，Your product thinking will fall into the trap from 1 to N，188bet sports betting app download business model naturally relies on traffic，The success rate of ordinary entrepreneurs in 188bet sports betting app download model is extremely low。

In the mobile phone industry，Manufacturers who master traditional channels，It will be weaker than Internet manufacturers in terms of product experience，Because of excessive resource thinking，The first thing that comes to mind when making a product is how to get agents to order，The first thing that Internet manufacturers think of is how to make users feel happy，188bet sports betting app download is also the reason why Xiaomi’s early MIUI was able to counterattack，But the irony is，After Xiaomi successfully established the largest Weibo account group matrix in the industry，188bet sports betting app download resource has become a burden，On the creativity of social marketing，It has been losing to Meizu who does not have 188bet sports betting app download resource，In fact, Xiaomi’s early marketing was very decentralized，But now Meizu’s ability to drive decentralization in the marketing process has surpassed Xiaomi。

So 188bet sports betting app download resources are not a good thing，Too much money is not a good thing，When 188bet sports betting app download are poor，Only 188bet sports betting app download will try your best to be creative，To stimulate the spread of decentralization，To create marketing effects far beyond what the resources themselves can produce。Resources are limited (and cost)，But decentralized communication，The influence is theoretically unlimited，How 188bet sports betting app download spend money on any platform，No one can achieve Fu Yuanhui’s level of recognition。

Because of consulting business，I have seen too many product-based entrepreneurs，They always think: I made a good thing，Then I will sell 188bet sports betting app download good thing，You can make money。

Haha, 188bet sports betting app download is an entrepreneurial illusion:

Think traffic is natural: In fact, it is very difficult to obtain traffic 188bet sports betting app download fragmented Internet

I thought 188bet sports betting app download was no cost for traffic: In fact, the cost of valuable online single-user traffic may exceed offline costs

I thought 188bet sports betting app download was no similar product on the market: 188bet sports betting app download are hundreds of competing products in most fields，Users are dazzled

I think users 188bet sports betting app download definitely like my product: Users can’t even know 188bet sports betting app download have a product

Thought my 188bet sports betting app download was the best: 188bet sports betting app download is no objectively best product on the market，Only the best products in users’ perception

Cross-border integration

In fact, there is nothing sad about the end of the era of pure APP entrepreneurship，Because there are many counterattackers in 188bet sports betting app download era，It is through cross-border killing of a simple business。

Carrefour’s business model is a supermarket，The original source of profit should be the price difference of selling goods，But what destroys the three views is，Carrefour’s biggest source of profit is not its retail business，But the rental business。You see the exits of many Carrefour supermarkets，There are a large number of shops for rent，188bet sports betting app download is the traffic brought by Carrefour’s main business，Derived into rental business，The rental income of these stores exceeds the supermarket’s profit from product sales。

Coincidentally，Some foreign retail industries and even their own products are not profitable，And rely on other businesses to make profits，such as membership fees or advertising。

Is 188bet sports betting app download routine familiar?？Xiaomi originally claimed that hardware does not make money，Snatch the user，Reuse the MIUI platform to sell other services to users，To make other money，Do you know how much money Xiaomi makes from publishing games on its own user platform？360 more，Antivirus is free，But it has developed hundreds of millions of users，Becoming the most valuable security company in China。

A+B=B, 188bet sports betting app download is cross-border integration，After bundling the two businesses，Use A’s 188bet sports betting app download to reduce profits to create attraction，Steal away competitors’ users，Sell 188bet sports betting app download B to users，Only make money from 188bet sports betting app download B。The essence of cross-border is: 188bet sports betting app download create a huge advantage to grab users，Then sell other things to users to make money。

The lethality of 188bet sports betting app download mode is easy to understand，When you eliminate the gross profit of a business，The competitiveness of 188bet sports betting app download product will definitely increase rapidly，In the methodology of attracting users，Cost-performance is always a powerful lever。

Cross-border integration is essentially a dimensionality reduction attack that is difficult to resist

The key to cross-border model is to have user thinking，Abandon the one-time customer mindset，Abandon the price difference thinking，Put user value first，Keep 188bet sports betting app download on your platform，Continuous consumption。

Cross-border integration may become the mainstream of future Internet business models，Because the Internet is inherently easy to do user operations，After the Internet project that has become a vested interest controls the users，With the help of capital, traditional industries will be reversely integrated，Complete the disintermediation process，They don’t care about short-term gains，Instead, focus on user plunder。There will be many impacts on traditional industries 188bet sports betting app download future that will not come from original competitors，But an Internet company，They are the legendary barbarians outside the door。

Of course，188bet sports betting app download model is also risky: 1.Capital chain operation 2.Industrial chain integration 3.Cross-border product design concept 4.User loyalty operation。Of course，The biggest risk is cognitive risk，It is necessary to have a clear understanding of the industry operating rules that integrate the two parties，Blind subsidies or price reductions are not the inevitable way for the cross-border integration model to succeed。

188bet sports betting app download’s not cold in winter

I just mentioned these three counterattack methodologies，In fact, there are many methodologies，But execution is more important。Even in the cold winter of entrepreneurship，I see attractive opportunities in many industries，The biggest touch for me is: in the entrepreneurial circle，It’s not that there aren’t enough people willing to work hard，But there are too few people who are truly willing to innovate and take risks (the idea of ​​enjoying the bonus period is very harmful)，In fact, most optimization projects should not be started in the first place，It’s not that 188bet sports betting app download product has no value，But the target market of 188bet sports betting app download product does not belong to disadvantaged entrepreneurs。

Recently when developing products during the entrepreneurial process，The supplier is very surprised by our request: the entire industry does 188bet sports betting app download，Why do you want to change？I was secretly happy when I heard 188bet sports betting app download，The entire industry is unwilling to change，is your biggest opportunity。

After being in the entrepreneurial circle for a long time, it is easy to feel the cruelty，You may even doubt your life。Because companies that understand marketing may not survive，But companies that don’t understand marketing will die first，188bet sports betting app download is sad。But it’s normal to think about it，UBER is so rich and such a subversive model，Also lost to Didi in China，So a great product does not equal success，If no one knows you, there will be no deal，You work very hard but you can only talk about feelings，Not a success。

The colder the winter is，The more we must respect 188bet sports betting app download，Put effective marketing on a more important strategic level，To drive 188bet sports betting app download and income，Feed yourself。Marketing does not sound as self-contained as product development，But from a 188bet sports betting app download operation perspective，Good marketing is more important than good products。

Entrepreneurship is not about feelings,The essence of entrepreneurship is to use high-dimensional methodology to defeat low-dimensional methodology，So the most important thing is to master useful methodologies，Instead of trying your luck，Any successful entrepreneurial project must first have the right method，The next best thing is luck。

There are many entrepreneurs who ignore business common sense，Not even clear about the psychological motivations why customers take out their wallets to buy a product，Don’t know gross profit margin、Turnover rate、Moving sales rate，Just focus on making products，188bet sports betting app download is not called entrepreneurship，188bet sports betting app download is spending other people’s money to buy chicken soup。

*188bet sports betting app download article is reproduced from Daoming Temple.