Recently，The trend of drinking wine has emerged on the Internet，Developed from "Brother One Jin" to "Brother Seven Jin"，Netizens are risking their lives to fight for wine。Despite warnings from doctors，But the evil deeds of drinking wine continue。Some days ago，A policeman died on duty after drinking too much，Officials also died in battle because they were drinking with them。

Behind these incidents is China’s perverted wine table culture。The new year is approaching，Many people will face countless entertainment。In China with such a rich wine culture，Want to avoid being persuaded to drink、Forced drinking、Pinjiu，Almost impossible。How did China’s wine culture come about，Is it true that if you don’t drink, you are not giving face?？

188bet app download Persuading people to drink alcohol has been around since ancient times

In China，The history of wine is almost as old as the history of man。Long before the maturity of Chinese characters，The Chinese have already mastered the brewing technology。There are records about wine and drinking culture in many classics，Wine culture is deeply rooted in the blood of the Chinese people，Far-reaching influence。

As old as the drinking culture is the drinking culture。Catering in ancient China played an extremely important social function，So the delay is longer。Banquets in the Tang Dynasty usually started in the morning，Continues until dusk，No less than seven or eight hours。Qing Dynasty period，Many banquets paid for by the public even last three to five days，These are social activities，Also a political activity。

Throughout the banquet event，Except for silk and bamboo singing and dancing，Just wine。The early custom of drinking wine in China originated from various long-lasting banquets。It takes so long to eat one meal，Topics will inevitably be exhausted，It’s boring to drink dry，So various techniques for persuading people to drink were invented。

Strictly speaking，Persuading wine comes from toasting，Toasting is an old custom left over from the patriarchal society。Toasting is divided into social classes，I respect you，A son respects his father，Brother respects brother，Subordinates respect their superiors，Juniors respect their elders, etc.。Toast is first of all the interaction between the bottom and the top，Relatively not mandatory。But，Up-to-down interaction，Can be called a return favor，It can also be a proactive tribute，There is great compulsion。

Especially when transitioning from home to country，This ethics slowly turned into political 188bet sports betting app download coercion。There have been numerous cases of forced drinking in Chinese history in political contexts，Something interesting，But there are also many cases that are extremely cruel，Creepy。

beat, kill, intimidate The extreme of persuading people to drink

Three Kingdoms, Wei and Jin Periods，Drinking is very popular in China，The trend of persuading people to drink alcohol is even more popular。Cao Pi recorded in "Dian Lun"，When Liu Biao hosted a banquet for guests，Put a long wooden stick next to you，A long needle is placed on the top of the stick。If any guest drinks too much，Crawled under the table and slept，He just stabbed people in the butt with a needle，After waking up, order him to continue drinking。

If Liu Biao’s persuasion to drink is more of a personal act，And Cao Cao、Sun Quan and others’ persuasion to drink has a strong political meaning。According to "Three Kingdoms" records，After Zhang Xiu surrendered to Cao Cao，Cao Cao is very happy，Have a banquet and invite everyone to drink。Cao Cao is toasting in front，Dian Wei followed closely with a big axe。

Who is Cao Cao toasting to?，Dian Wei salutes anyone with an ax。The subtext of that posture is:“Do you want to drink? If you don’t drink, grandpa will chop you”。Compared to Cao Cao，Sun Quan didn’t fare well either。At a banquet，Sun Quan forces everyone to drink。Yu Fan pretends to be drunk，Fell to the ground，When Sun Quan was about to leave，He gets up and runs away。Sun Quan was furious，Withdraw your sword and cut。If it weren’t for the people around me，Yu Fan’s head fell to the ground。

The person who was the best at forcing wine in Chinese history was Shi Chong of the Western Jin Dynasty。According to "Shishuoxinyu" records，Shi Chong often entertained dignitaries，And likes to persuade people to drink、Forced drinking。His trick is，Let the beautiful woman at home toast the guests、Persuading to drink。If any guest did not drink up the wine toasted by the beauty，He yelled at the servants，Cut off the beautiful woman’s head。

In this case，Many guests’ lives are at stake，Have to drink more，Until I get drunk。Wang Dun, who later served as a general in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, did not believe in this evil，No matter how much the beauty persuades her to drink, she won’t drink even a drop。Shi Chong killed three beauties in a row without hesitation，To force Wang Dun to drink。

Wine is born for politics Officially controlled since ancient times

The extreme cases of drunkenness mentioned above mostly occur in political contexts。Because from the moment it was invented，The wine has become a real name“Political Liquid”。Wine has stimulating properties，It was a luxury product in ancient times，Used for sacrifice、Celebration、Wars and other grand occasions。

In ancient times, wine was known as a magical thing and belonged to“Holy Liquid”，Closely connected with national events。As something supernatural，Wine was originally given to ancestors、For the enjoyment of gods。The "Jiu Gao" promulgated by Zhou Gong clearly stated，The purpose of making wine is not for people to drink，But to worship the gods of heaven and earth and ancestors，Strictly prohibit drinking 188bet online sports betting parties、Banquet，Those who disobey the order shall be put to death。

Many Chinese rituals originate from sacrifices，Wine has always been one of the most important props in sacrifices。Some scholars even think that，Many etiquette in China comes from the wine culture。In "Zhou Rites"，There are strict regulations on the use of wine for sacrifices，Use“五清”、“Three wines”A total of eight kinds of wine.

In primitive society，Most of the people who preside over sacrificial activities are wizards，Great power。Later evolved“Sacrifice wine”Official positions。The earliest etiquette and regulations regarding drinking came from the imperial family，has a strong political meaning。Alcohol has been controlled by the ruling class from the beginning，Slowly evolved a series of etiquette，In order to make the rule more solemn and firm。So，The production of wine is also under official control。

In China，The practice of past dynasties has been to highly monopolize the production of alcoholic beverages、Sales、Owned、Use etc.。Every dynasty has an agency to manage alcohol，called“Butler”。Zhou Youjiuzheng、Han You Jiucheng、There are wine stewards all together、Liang You Liquor Manager、Sui, Tang and Song Dynasties Youliang Brewing Department。

Without official permission，Private brewing、Severe penalties will be imposed on selling alcohol。Until now，There is another one in China called“Liquor Monopoly Bureau”'s administrative agency. This is why contemporary China has“National wine”、“Wine for state banquet”etc.。The reason why Moutai is given such high political meaning，Related to the traditional management and control of alcohol by Chinese governments in past dynasties。

Political props Not a popular food culture

The wine culture that modern people talk about is more of the wine culture in the food culture。Actually，In ancient times，Over a long period of time，There is no relationship between wine culture and food culture。Early wine culture was part of political culture，With sacrifice、Celebrations and other etiquette are closely integrated，It is the upper culture belonging to the royal family and those in power。

The scarcity and mystery of wine，Accent for various ceremonies，Use solemn and magnificent scenes to interpret the legitimacy of political rule。Under a centralized monarchy，High concentration of power，The party that gains power is extremely afraid of losing power，So various etiquettes were compiled，Holding various activities，In order to maintain the orthodoxy and sanctity of one's own status。

Due to the state’s high monopoly on alcohol，So early drinking was also included as part of political activities，Not food culture in the current sense。Wine is a luxury product，is a scarce resource，Only the royal family and nobles can enjoy it。The banquet behavior of the royal family and nobles is often cloaked in politics。

This property of wine determines that it is not a consumer product for ordinary people’s daily life，So wine culture has been integrated with politics from the beginning。The solemnity of drinking etiquette，Elegance of form，The solemnity of the scene，They have all 188bet Online Sports Betting and Casino become political props。This can be seen from the wine vessels that evolved later，Shape and size all symbolize authority。

The expansion of wine culture is a gradual process，With technological progress and economic development，Slowly penetrate from top to bottom。The political drinking culture formed by the ruling group slowly spreads to all strata of society，Far-reaching influence。Props from the original political rule，Consumer goods to the general public，Wine and wine culture have gone through a long development process，Pent deeply into the hearts of Chinese people。It can be said，Contemporary wine culture evolved from ancient political culture，Has the shadow of political coercion。This is the most fundamental difference between Chinese wine culture and other countries’ wine culture。

From home to country Family ethics is a preview of politics

Pointed out above，Wine culture originates from political culture，It is a prop of traditional social and political rule，Later moved down to the life of ordinary people in society。This process is extremely long，But it also has a profound impact，Ultimately, Chinese people’s interpersonal emotions are highly alienated。In China，Except the royal legal system，The ethics and etiquette of society and family are also highly mandatory。

Under a patriarchal society，Everyone at home、Everyone has their own place in society，Divided by level，There is no equal majority in society。Most relationships between people are unequal，Once all unequal relationships interact，There will be compulsion。Family Ethics、Social ethics are like this。

So-called“Country”Nothing more“Home”to“Country”Extension of,“Home”Yes“Country”25291_25295。The two just changed their clothes，The kernel is still the same。The order and principles that the country pays attention to，Reflected in the family，It is family ethics and etiquette order。The wine table culture of ordinary people is nothing more than the palace、It’s just the embodiment of the aristocratic wine table culture in the common people。

Rules and etiquette brought by wine culture，Reflects the rules of the game in the world，Provides the ruling order for the entire society“Theoretical support”。Wine culture and human identity in traditional society、Status、Power is closely related，Always flashing the relationship between forcing and being forced。

Seat order，The number of vessels，The location of the display，Completely consistent with the client’s position and role in society。Strict hierarchy at the family wine table，And strict respect for elders and younger ones，The most intuitive reflection of the person’s lineage、Status、Power。It implies the order in which the parties possess the food、Quantity、The amount of power, etc.。

Sitting in the wrong place in the family，This is an extremely serious disrespectful behavior。Many people before entering society，Practice repeatedly in the home environment，Until the rules are fully understood，In order to enter the society，Everyone can be seated。These are potential rules，Everyone obeys，But they all understand it tacitly。

Political hidden rules Spreading to every corner of society

Family rules and social rules merge，Rise to political heights，It’s the hidden political rules。This unspoken rule tells us，People must obey the rules at all times，Find your position，Don’t talk nonsense，Don’t do things randomly，Don’t move，Don’t think wildly。Before entering society，I have been completely imprisoned by this set of thoughts。

“Rules”AND“Etiquette”There is inequality behind it，It is an authoritarian authority，It is the difference between people。So，While drinking，If you have the power、Unequal status relationship，There will be forced persuasion or forced drinking。For those in high positions，This is an opportunity to show your power，For those with lower status，If you don’t drink, you don’t understand the rules。

You do not respect other people’s position and authority，It is equivalent to not giving others face。In China，Face is a typical product of power。This power can be political power，It can also be invisible power，such as age、Position、Identity, etc.。All unequal relationships，Everything will produce face。

All unequal toasts、Persuading to drink、Forcing people to drink alcohol is all about potential power。So if you don’t drink, you won’t give others face，Disrespect the power and status of others。This concept is deeply rooted in all strata of society，Internalized into the cultural character of Chinese people。Even in today’s internationalized world，This cultural character is still deep in the blood of China，Exerting great power at all times。

The power attribute of face is particularly obvious in the hidden rules of politics。Reign of Song Renzong，Wang Anshi and Sima Guang both work under Bao Zheng。One day，Peonies in full bloom in the Yamen，Bao Zheng is very happy，Invite colleagues to drink。Wang Anshi and Sima Guang are sitting together，But neither of them like drinking on weekdays。

Because his immediate boss Bao Zheng persuaded him to drink，So Sima Guang bit the bullet and drank a few drinks。When Bao Zheng toasted Wang Anshi，No matter how he persuades，How to say，Wang Anshi just doesn’t drink。This incident made Bao Zheng extremely embarrassed，Unable to step down on the spot。The reason why Bao Zheng is unhappy，Because Wang Anshi is a subordinate，He openly defied himself。It’s not a moral issue either，It’s not a moral issue either，But Wang Anshi violated the unspoken political rules that everyone generally abides by。

Drinking Culture Toxic social atmosphere

In contemporary China，The drinking culture has not converged with China’s internationalization，On the contrary, as people’s living standards rise, it becomes more and more serious。The closer you are to political power，The worse this trend becomes，On the contrary, it is a relatively economically developed coastal area，This trend is relatively weak。such as，Henan、Xi’an and other traditional political centers，And Beijing and its surrounding Northeast、Shandong、Hebei and other provinces and cities，Persuading to drink、The practice of forcing people to drink alcohol is extremely popular，Because 188bet sports betting app download there are countless criminal offenses involving forcing someone to drink alcohol；Lingnan area of ​​Jiangsu and Zhejiang，The culture of persuading people to drink alcohol is relatively weak。

Same as in ancient times，Toast now、Persuading someone to drink alcohol is also a compulsory act，Mostly occurs in official circles、Shopping Mall。Persuading people to drink at the wine table、Toast、Fine drinking makes interpersonal relationships extremely complicated，Danger is everywhere。In order to hang out in these wine bars，Chinese people have practiced hypocrisy、Insidious、Cunning coping methods，Performed many extremely vulgar behaviors。Many people sacrifice their health，Get the affirmation and approval of others。Originally simple interpersonal communication，Because of the special wine culture, it is complicated and unpredictable。

Toasting and penalty drinking in the current sense，Political coercion is weak，But it is internalized as the value of the Chinese、Customs and habits。Toasting becomes a sign of respect for others，Not accepting it means looking down on others。It would be even more uneducated if you don’t retaliate。Since it has become a custom，People are used to it，Once you get used to it, it becomes a social rule。Many people can’t even drink，Due to so-called customs、Habit，I have to bite the bullet。The whole social atmosphere is because of this kind of toast、The custom of persuading people to drink，Making a mess。

Political Behavior We should start from the specification of the upper beam

Even in contemporary China，The wine and brewing industry is still an industry controlled by the government。Contemporary wine culture has a political imprint。Before reform and opening up，Wine is still a luxury item，You need to collect it with food stamps。After reform and opening up，With the improvement of material living standards，Liquor has slowly entered the lives of ordinary people，Becoming an ordinary consumer product。

Due to strong demand，China’s brewing industry is developing rapidly，Now it has become the world’s largest wine-producing country。Many places have made brewing their mainstay industry，For example, the poorest southwest region in China accounts for two-thirds of China’s liquor market。From a global perspective，A country with a relatively high level of civilization，The market share of wine is relatively low，So China’s wine industry reflects the backwardness of China’s modern civilization。

Wine consumption is the same as brewing，There is also a political imprint。China’s drinking culture after reform and opening up，It spread from within the system。Considerations of political activities within the system，Special wine available。The wine is always there“三公”Occupies an extremely important position in consumption。Drinking within the system、Persuading to drink、There is no difference between forced drinking and ancient times，It is a mandatory behavior。Moreover，There is an incomprehensible relationship between business behavior and politics after China’s reform and opening up。Contemporary wine culture is more from officialdom to shopping malls，Back to the lives of ordinary people，Spreading all the way down。

Conclusion

Contemporary drinking culture is a variation of traditional social drinking culture，It is the compulsory political behavior that has been internalized into the values ​​and customs in the hearts of the general public。This is essentially a culture，Or a kind of politics。Only wine“Political Liquid”Identity is still there, from the wine table“Power field”Not yet eliminated，The custom of toasting and encouraging people to drink will continue。