Juanqinzhai in the Palace Museum，It is the last of the four courtyards in Qianlong Garden，Inconspicuous in terms of its size and regulations。But fix it，The challenge is huge: the floor of Juanqinzhai is paved with gold bricks produced in Suzhou，The beam frame is a double-sided embroidered piece made of rosewood，2460 pieces of Hetian jade are also inlaid on the beam；On the stage in the courtyard，The fence and pavilion made of bamboo form a Jiangnan scenery，Restore "raw materials" according to ancient buildings、"Original Structure"、"Original Craftsmanship"、The principle of "original system"，The Palace Museum uses more than 64,000 pieces of golden nanmu to replace bamboo，“Restored” the pavilion and fence。

Juanqinzhai in Qianlong Garden，Very difficult to repair，Some crafts are on the verge of being lost

“Because bamboo will split in the north，So use golden nanmu instead。" said Shan Jixiang, Director of the Palace Museum。He received a PhD in Engineering from the School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tsinghua University，Has in-depth and detailed attention to the restoration of ancient buildings in the Forbidden City。In his sight，The gravel path in the Imperial Garden、Weeds on the roof、The fence in front of the bonsai，Even the manhole covers on the ground are closely related to the protection of ancient buildings。

August 28，2015 (Shanghai) International Architectural Heritage Protection Expo，Shan Jixiang in the 2-hour keynote speech，From 200 years ago、法、A sharp debate among the three major Italian schools on the restoration of ancient buildings begins，Talking about the opinions of Chinese ancient building protection experts on the restoration of Chinese cultural relics in the 1990s。“Chinese ancient buildings are wooden structures，Very different from Western masonry buildings。It is inherently fragile、Integrity and continuity。"Shan Jixiang said。

"For ancient Chinese buildings，How to implement the "Venice Charter"，We have been hesitating。"Shan Jixiang expressed this。In the case of protection of cultural relics and ancient buildings，The former director of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage told about the corresponding county wooden pagoda，And Yuncheng、Linfen、Opinions on the protection and restoration of densely packed ancient buildings before the Ming Dynasty in Changzhi and other places。Of course，As the sixth director of the Palace Museum in Beijing，The repair and protection of the ancient buildings of the Forbidden City is the focus of his talk。

Before serving as the sixth director of the Palace Museum in Beijing，Shan Jixiang was the director of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage

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30%、48%、52%、60%，respectively correspond to 2002、2012、The area of ​​the Forbidden City opened in 2014 and this year。"Next year，The opening area of ​​the Forbidden City will reach 76%。"Shan Jixiang said。In order to further improve openness，Next 5 years，The offices of the Forbidden City staff will also be adjusted。According to Shan Jixiang’s estimation: by then，The opening area of ​​the Forbidden City will reach 85%。Theoretically，This ratio is approaching full openness。

"Cultural relics are immortal，But when not in use，They decay quickly。However，Just use it and maintain it well，will stay healthy。”Shan Jixiang also introduced 188bet online sports betting that a repair report will be issued publicly at each stage of the project。At the same time，The Forbidden City has also established a training institution and research center for ancient building restoration techniques，Pass on the traditional construction skills。"Hope 200 years later，When future generations will repair it，Be able to know what materials and techniques should be used。”He said。

The "Framing and Restoration Technology of Ancient Calligraphy and Paintings" of the Forbidden City is listed as a "National Intangible Cultural Heritage"

The reason why we value the cultivation of restoration teams，It’s because “the mechanism hasn’t been straightened out yet，When professionals have not yet been trained，Ancient buildings are being repaired and damaged，A large amount of capital investment，It won’t be a good thing。" Shan Jixiang said during his speech。He said bluntly: The restoration project of ancient buildings like the Forbidden City，The traditional bidding system should not be used，Because "the winning unit actually enters the field，There are many people who do not have professional quality and skills。"And because "there is no support from traditional crafts，The consequences of repair are hard to imagine。”

September，Both the National Palace Museum on both sides of the Taiwan Strait will celebrate their 90th anniversary。In an interview with China Business News，Shan Jixiang said: "We will not hold large-scale celebrations，I don’t even know how to hold a banquet。But open more areas and exhibitions，To repay the audience。"He introduced to China Business News: September，The exhibitions in the Forbidden City will be divided into three categories: the first is the original display，For example, Cining Palace will be displayed according to the conditions used by Qianlong’s mother when she was alive；The second is a permanent exhibition，Like the display of 10 precious stone drums；Others are temporary exhibitions，For example, "Celebrating 188bet online sports betting the World - Longevity Ceremony Exhibition of the Qing Dynasty"、The widely watched "Shiqu Baoji" special exhibition。

The "Five Oxen Pictures" displayed in the "Shiqu Baoji" special exhibition

"This special exhibition of "Shiqu Baoji"，"Bo Yuan Tie" will be exhibited、"Five Cows Picture"、"Along the River During Qingming Festival" and other famous paintings，In accordance with the regulations of the Forbidden City，These ancient paintings and calligraphy can only be exhibited during the spring and autumn seasons，Once exhibited，Going back to the warehouse to sleep for 3 years。”Not long before Shan Jixiang came to Shanghai，Feng Mingzhu, Director of the National Palace Museum in Taipei, visited the National Palace Museum in Beijing，Discussing the preparations for exhibitions and seminars at the Forbidden City on both sides of the Taiwan Strait。"The Fifth Cross-Strait Palace Museum Seminar will be held together with the National Palace Museum in Taipei，Taking Castiglione’s paintings as the theme。" Shan Jixiang told China Business News。

To commemorate the 90th anniversary of the Forbidden City，The "Celebrating Universal Celebration - Qing Dynasty Longevity Ceremony Exhibition" will be held at the Meridian Gate and the two Yanyi Towers

An area that has not been seen in 90 years will be opened soon

"After cultural relic restoration，Regions that will be opened recently，These have not been opened in the past 90 years。” mentioned by Shan Jixiang，He also said in his speech，The building complex that will be opened in September is: Yanchi Building、Gardens and palaces such as Cining Palace and Baoyun Tower in the West District。

According to Shan Jixiang’s introduction，390,000 cultural relics were once stacked in the 2,000-square-meter space of the two Yanchi Towers in the Meridian Gate，Today，This building has been restored，Space has also been vacated。Future，The 800 square meters of space here will be merged with the Meridian Gate，Built a large exhibition hall。90th Anniversary Celebration，188bet app The "Everyone Celebrating" exhibition will be held here，517 precious cultural relics on display。

There is an area in the west of the Forbidden City，This is a place where Qing palace dramas often make jokes。Shan Jixiang laughed and called it "the world of retired women": "The Queen Mother lives here、Toffee，There are multiple Buddhist halls and gardens，Including Cining Palace、Cining Palace Garden and Big Buddha Hall。”Now，Cining Palace has been turned into a "Sculpture Gallery"，410 sculptures will be displayed here in the first phase。

Baoyun Tower, built in 1914, is the only modern building in the Forbidden City

In the Forbidden City，Baoyun Tower is a very special building: it is the only modern building，Construction started in 1914。At that time，The cultural relics stored in the Forbidden City in Shenyang and the Summer Resort in Chengde, Hebei need to find a place to store them in Beijing，Hence this building。Before renovation in 2013，This is the warehouse of the Cultural Relics Exchange Center of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage。"Republic of China period，Many major events have happened in the Forbidden City，In the future, this will become an exhibition hall displaying the history of the Republic of China。”

Next step，"More than 3,000 cultural relics in the Yangxin Hall"、Qianlong Garden、The Great Gaoxuan Hall and the walls of the Forbidden City are parts that will be repaired。Among them，The restoration of Dagaoxuan Hall also involves the demolition of illegal buildings。Use period is 60 years，This is the area used by the troops，Use period is 60 years，During this period，More than 30 buildings were built in the Great Gaoxuan Hall。Today，These illegal structures must be demolished first。In fact，Since the Forbidden City started its overhaul，8,600 square meters of structures have been demolished。“Hopefully after another 5 years of hard work，There are only ancient buildings in the Forbidden City，And traditional forms of architecture recognized 188bet app by UNESCO，Not a single modern building”。Shan Jixiang said。

As for the next step of the repair team，Shan Jixiang said: “The next step is to focus on repairing four areas，Do not adopt government bidding，But as a scientific research project，The purpose is to let the most experienced experts in the country、Technicians participate in repair。”